This square is the very spot where Amsterdam was founded in the 13th century, before it was granted toll-free status in 1275. It's still a national gathering spot, and if there's a major speech or demonstration, it takes place here. World War II's fallen are honored at the Nationaal Monument on 4 May.
The square was historically split into two sections: Vissersdam, a fish market where department store De Bijenkorf (debijenkorf.nl) now stands (head to its rooftop cafe for fabulous views), and Vijgendam, probably named for the figs and other exotic fruits unloaded from ships. Various markets and events have taken place here through the ages, including executions – you can still see holes on the front of the Royal Palace where the wooden gallows were affixed.
