Small as it is, Florence looms large on the world's 'must-sees' list – primarily for its positively indecent treasure chest of Renaissance art.

With priceless statues, sculptures and architecture to rival the finest Botticelli littering practically every street corner, the Tuscan city is a living museum and its fine institutions make a great day out, anytime of the year. When you fancy a real museo, these are our favorites.

Galleria degli Uffizi: best Italian Renaissance art

This world-class art museum is a Florentine rite of passage. Lapping up the energizing vibe – buskers, mime artists, singers, selfie-wheeling tourists – in the elongated courtyard by the entrance is as much part of the experience as losing yourself in the 16th-century palace’s gargantuan maze of 100-odd rooms.

The gallery spans Ancient Greece to 18th-century Venice, but its USP is the world’s largest collection of Italian Renaissance art. Quirks include the Corridoio Vasariano, a 1km-long elevated passageway linking the Uffizi with Palazzo Pitti across the river (to open May 2022); and the sustainability-driven Uffizi Diffusi project which is ‘scattering’ Uffizi masterpieces across less-trodden galleries in Tuscany to a bid to share Florence’s heavy tourist load.

Manifattura Tabacchi: best ‘non-museum’

Convention flies out the window at this contemporary arts center, an exciting regeneration project inside a 1930s tobacco-processing plant and cigarette factory near the main city park. Counter-culture art, fashion and design exhibitions in its rolling NAM (Not a Museum) arts program are a brilliant antithesis of anything you’ll ever see in Florence’s ancient centro historico (historical center); pockets of the massive complex could be a street-art museum.

Experiential exhibits in some of the 16 hangars already restored – Manifattura Tabacchi is very much a work-in-progress – include cutting your own 4-minute vinyl or USB key in a factory elevator-turned-studio, arts-and-crafts workshops led by resident creatives, and craft-beer sessions. Architecture buffs, note: the complex is a sensational example of Italian Rationalist architecture. Watch for more edgy spaces to open in 2022, including central hub The Factory.

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Museo delle Capelle Medicee: best Medici bling

For serious glitzy razzle-dazzle hit the Medici Chapels Museum, the burial place of the Medici dynasty since 1429. So excessive is the Medici bling, it’s hard not to ogle in disbelief at the conceited riot of polychrome marbles, granite and glittering semi-precious stones adorning the funerary tombs in the mausoleum and crypts. No less than 49 dynasty members are buried here, a trio of which slumber in the shadow of haunting, voluptuous funerary sculptures depicting Dawn and Dusk, Night and Day and Madonna and Child by Renaissance maestro Michelangelo.

If you're looking to save some euros in Florence, get the 72hr-pass covering entry to the Capelle Medicee, Museo del Bargello, Palazzo Davanzati, Casa Martelli and unusual church-turned-grain market Chiesa e Museo di Orsanmichele.

Museo degli Innocenti: best post-museum drinks

It’s impossible for your curiosity not to be piqued by the shiny sky-blue, glazed-terracotta medallions of swaddled babies peppering the facade of Florence’s former Ospedale degli Innocenti. The round arches and Roman capitals designed by Brunelleschi (yes, of cathedral cupola fame) in 1421 make this the first Renaissance building in Florence. Inside, state-of-the-art museum exhibits bring to life the moving tale of Florence’s foundling hospital – and later Europe's first orphanage – where unwanted children were cared for from 1421 until 1875.

End with coffee or an aperitivo as the sun turns the city pink on the panoramic terrace of the museum’s gorgeous rooftop Caffé del Verone, the hospital’s verone (drying room) where washed linen was hung to dry. You're in a great neighborhood for exploration too: Michelangelo's David is a five-minute walk away.

Galleria dell’Accademia: best celebrity nudes

One of the top reasons people come to Florence, a queue often marks the door to this gallery, purpose-built to house the world’s most famous nude (buy tickets in advance online to cut queue time). Any wait is worth it. Michelangelo sculpted David from a single block of marble in 1501-04 and the subtle detail – the veins in his sinewy arms, the leg muscles, the change in expression as you pace around the statue – is bewitching.

Closeup, there is no denying the nude boy warrior's incongruously large head and hands, and small penis. The 5.2m-tall sculpture (17ft) was originally intended to stand up high on a cathedral buttress in the apse, from where his head and hands would have appeared in perfect proportion. Why the small penis? In classical art a large or even normal-sized packet was not deemed elegant, hence the daintier size. Michelangelo’s unfinished Prigioni (Prisoners; 1523-23) are other nudes worth contemplation.

Museo dell’Opera del Duomo: best for cathedral history

No museum provides such gargantuan insight and essential background into Florence’s celebrity cathedral complex starring the Duomo with its iconic flame-red cupola (don’t miss the climb inside), standalone bell tower and baptistery. The awe-inspiring story is told through a mesmerizing collection of priceless sacred and liturgical treasures – this is as much a showcase of extraordinary Florentine craftsmanship as a history lesson.

Just in case you haven't seen enough of it while getting around Florence, a spectacular life-sized reconstruction of the duomo’s original facade, ripped down in the 16th century, looms large in the main hall. The restored, 14th- and 15th-century gilded-bronze doors from the baptistery, carved in mind-blowing detail to illustrate biblical tales, take your breath away. Further in the museum, Michelangelo's powerfully emotive La Pietà – sculpted when he was almost 80 and intended for his own tomb – is a complete heartbreaker.

Palazzo Strozzi: best for families

Whether you have art-curious kids or not, the attention-grabbing contemporary art at this 15th-century Renaissance palazzo captures everyone’s interest. Themed hands-on workshops and tours aimed squarely at families accompany each blockbuster exhibition: immersive games, activities and imaginative narratives plunge families into the vibrant world of Jeff Koons, modern American artists, contemporary French artist JR, all sorts.

Strozzi’s elegant interior courtyard is a trendy spot to linger with locals and the café-bar beneath its arches is a buzzy spot for coffee, Tuscan wine, cocktail-fueled aperitivi and the finest iced cappuccino in town.

Museo Villoresi: best for artisan craftsmanship

Adding a heady note to any museum day, the Museo Villoresi explores the world of artisanal perfumery with interactive digital exhibits, olfactory booths, short films and a scent library. Intimate tours (book in advance online) end in a gloriously sweet-smelling terrace garden, perfumed with 80 different types of aromatic plants, trees and herbs – lemons, bergamot, yuzu, roses, jasmine, frangipane, laurel, olive, cypress and iris.

The museum is at home in the 15th-century family palazzo of Florentine perfumer Lorenzo Villoresi whose bespoke fragrances really do evoke the Tuscan countryside, garden and seaside – bottled in utterly irresistible, vintage-glass vaporizers for you to buy in the adjoining boutique and take home.

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Charleston's balmy southern climate opens up all sorts of interesting adventures at different times of the year. Summer is the time for beach trips and ambles around historic houses and museums, but the city has a special charm in winter, when the crowds thin out and the holiday vibe comes with mild temperatures that could almost be described as warm in the afternoons.

Then there's the fall, when the summer heat has died down and major festivals and restaurant events kick off the autumn harvest. Crowds gather well into November, but the mild weather means you can often stroll along the city's historic streets without a coat even when snow is falling in the north of the country.

No matter what time of year, you’ll find plenty of places to go and things to do. Here’s a breakdown of the best times to visit the Lowcountry for the best activities, weather, low prices and more.

Low season (December–February) is the time to evade the crowds and save money

The winter months from December to February are considered the low season for tourism, but if you’re someone who likes to escape the cold, traveling to the Lowcountry at this time will warm up your winter. Daytime temperatures hover around 60°F (16°C), a very pleasant temperature for the holiday festivities. Airfares drop too, though there's a slight spike for the holidays in December and Valentine’s Day in February.

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Shoulder season (June–August) is best for beach trips and indoor activities

Like any American city close to the coast, Charleston is all about the beaches in summer. The temperatures can climb above 90°F (32°C) and with the thick humidity, it's a time to seek out salty sea breezes and maybe a colorfully layered cocktail. Tourists and locals move seamlessly between downtown and the Atlantic Coast; while beach rentals are usually booked up by June, you might catch a break on availability and costs if you stay inland.

High season (March–May & September–November) is the best time for festivals and exploring on foot

Charleston has two peak seasons, coinciding with milder temperatures on either side of the hot, humid summer. Spring and fall are marked by mild weather, big festivals and farmers' markets. Hotel prices are at their highest during spring break and Easter; the late fall offers the perfect mix of moderate temperatures, fewer tourists and more affordable rates. April, May, September and October are the most popular months for weddings — many come to Charleston specifically to tie the knot.

Here's a guide to what you can expect throughout the year in the Charleston area. All events are subject to change.

January

This is a great time to grab a quick, relaxing getaway after the hustle and bustle of the holidays. It’s easier to find space at hotels and restaurants and the lines are shorter everywhere.
Key events: New Year’s Day “Bill Murray Look-a-like” Polar Bear Plunge, Charleston Jazz Festival, Taste of Folly

February

Valentine’s Day provides a great reason to whisk someone special away for a romantic weekend. Book a nostalgic townhouse B&B, savor a delectable dinner at a Charleston restaurant, relax your muscles in the luxury spa at the Dewberry, or take a carriage ride to admire Charleston’s historical beauty.
Key events: Southeastern Wildlife Exposition, Lowcountry Oyster Festival, Roaring '20s Gatsby Gala, West Ashley Restaurant Festival

March

As the temperatures start to rise, locals and tourists shed their winter layers and start finding reasons to get outside. You’ll see plenty of spring breakers at the beach, but there’s plenty on the cultural calendar for those who choose to stay inland.
Key events: Festival of Houses and Gardens, Charleston Wine + Food Festival, St Patrick’s Day Block Party & Parade, Charleston Bluegrass Festival

April

April is a busy month for tourism in the Lowcountry. Several outdoor events draw huge crowds, and it’s a popular time for Charleston weddings. Flowers are in full bloom, and so are the spring festivities. Just be sure to bring an umbrella — sudden deluges can sneak up on you just about any time.
Key events: Cooper River Bridge Run, Summerville Flowertown Festival, CreditOne Charleston Open, Charleston Race Week

May

This is when the Lowcountry really hits its stride. With summer just around the corner, people flock to the beach for surfing, dolphin-watching and morning yoga. Fresh produce fills the farmers' markets, and it's a busy time for the arts.
Key events: Charleston Greek Festival, North Charleston Arts Fest, Charleston Battery soccer games, Spoleto Festival USA

June

June 1 kicks off hurricane season; only a small number of hurricanes hit the Lowcountry directly, but it’s worth taking out trip insurance if you book between now and November. Chances are you'll be able to relax and enjoy the pleasantly warm weather that precedes the summer peak.
Key events: Park Circle Pride Week, Charleston Carifest

July

As the temperatures and humidity levels climb, the events calendar and crowds lighten up. This is a great time to catch some education of Charleston's complex and thought-provoking history. Little ones can keep their minds agile at the Children’s Museum of the Lowcountry, and adults can soak up some culture during the First Saturday Art Stroll walks and some history (combined with shopping) at the Charleston City Market.
Key events: July Fourth fireworks, Sweetgrass Festival, Southeast Crab Feast

August

There’s no way around it: August is sticky and sweaty and the reason air conditioning was invented (probably). A Gullah-Geechee tour in an air-conditioned Mercedes-Benz might be the best way to learn about Charleston's rich African American heritage while you beat the heat. It’s also fun to grab a drink and dance the night away at the Shaggin' on the Cooper party on Mount Pleasant Pier.
Key events: Grape Stomp Festival, SC Reggae Jerk and Wine Fest

September

The social calendar picks up a lot of steam as the Charleston air starts to cool off a little. September offers a wide range of activities and plenty of music and family fun.
Key events: Cooper River Bridge Run (for 2021), Charleston Restaurant Week, Lowcountry Jazz Festival, Sea and Sand Fest, Charleston Hot Air Balloon Festival & Polo Match

October

October brings a flood of tourists back in as the weather becomes cooler and more manageable. This is an enjoyable time to explore Charleston on foot or by carriage. With Halloween on the horizon, it’s also a great time to book a spooky activity such as a haunted jail tour with Bulldog Tours.
Key events: MOJA Arts Festival, Charleston Pride Festival , Charleston Greek Festival (2021), Flowertown Festival (2021), Follypalooza, Charleston Beer Week, Summerville Italian Feast

November

Hurricane season comes to a (hopefully uneventful) close, and the number of special events dwindles in November. Temperature get cooler but not too chilly – perfect for visiting the area’s historic houses, trying a cooking class, or taking a tour of one of the plantations.
Key events: Charleston Scottish Games and Highland Gathering, Steeplechase of Charleston

December

As the year winds down and the holiday season ramps up, visitor numbers pick up in Charleston. The combination of mild weather and holiday cheer has a special vibe, and you can knock out your gift shopping at the shops along King and Meeting streets downtown, the Tanger outlet stores in North Charleston, and Towne Centre in Mount Pleasant.
Key events: Holiday Festival of Lights, Charleston Holiday Parade, Folly Beach Christmas Parade, Chanukah in the Square, Yorktown Countdown, New Year’s Eve Flip-Flop Drop & Fireworks

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Unlike some other major cities, London still has plenty of unique, independent bookshops, each with its own individual aesthetic and character. Here's a selection of some of the city's coziest ones for you to check out this winter.

Libreria Bookshop

65 Hanbury St, Spitalfields, London

It’s surprising how many books have been crammed into Libreria Bookshop, a tiny, modern bookseller, on a quiet street off Brick Lane. There are plenty of reading nooks throughout the store, but be warned: no wi-fi is available and a strict no phone policy is in place; you really are there for the books! When you make a purchase at Libreria, you even have the option of stamping it with the shop's logo – a great touch if you like to remember where you bought your books.

Bookstores we've loved on our travels

Persephone Books

59 Lamb's Conduit St, Holborn, London

Persephone Books reprints neglected literature authored by twentieth-century women. Every book is the same soft, blue-grey color. Open one, however, and you’ll find a beautiful pattern specifically chosen for that individual work. This small shop also acts as the publishing HQ, and if you look past the cash register you can see boxes and boxes of books traveling in and out of the shop. There is only one seat in the shop for reading, but just outside is littered with beautiful coffee shops to bring your new book into.

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London Review Bookshop

14-16 Bury Pl, Holborn, London

The London Review Bookshop, located very close to the British Museum, is a fantastic place to both socialize and check out the latest and greatest literature the city has to offer. The shop has been a staple of the Bloomsbury neighborhood since its opening in 2003, and the passionate clientele will be sure to tell you all about it. There are couches downstairs if you feel like relaxing and reading, or perhaps you can head next door to the London Review Cake Shop if you feel peckish.

Gay’s The Word

66 Marchmont St, Saint Pancras, London

This adorable bookshop is located on lively Marchmont Street in London, having opened its doors over 40 years ago, in 1979. Gay’s The Word is one of the only LGBTQ+ bookshops in the United Kingdom and has a rich history of works documenting the London LGBTQ+ scene in stock. There used to be a cafe inside, however, these days the shop is filled with so much relevant literature that the books have completely taken over! Instead, you can bring your book to one of the numerous pubs in the surrounding area.

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Daunt Books

83 Marylebone High Street, London

Daunt Books has been on the London bookshop scene since 1990, and its beautiful interiors also make it one of the most photogenic. Originally custom-built in 1912 as an antiquarian bookseller, the store was later purchased and repurposed by John Daunt, who had intended for it to house travel books. There are plenty of chairs to park yourself on, as well as longstanding customers to chat with inside. Daunt now has nine locations under its umbrella, but its Marylebone location remains the most famous.

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Hatchards

187 Piccadilly, St. James's, London

Hatchards is London’s oldest bookshop and has been sitting in Piccadilly since 1797, though it did move a few buildings down in 1801. The ownership has changed hands in the last few decades, with the store being recently purchased by Waterstones. Walking past it, however, you may feel you've been transported back to the 18th century. There's plenty to see inside as well, with four stories of books and plenty of comfy, worn chairs and couches scattered throughout.

Books for Cooks

4 Blenheim Cres, Notting Hill, London

This is exactly what it sounds like: a bookshop dealing exclusively with cookbooks and books about food - Books for Cooks is definitely the place to go if you really need a specific recipe for a Peruvian stew! There’s a kitchen down the back that you can order lunch from, and every couple of days a new starter and main are put on offer, using recipes that are randomly selected from one of the books on the shelves. What better place to pick up your cookbooks than a shop that actually tests them for you?

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Lutyens & Rubinstein

21 Kensington Park Rd, Notting Hill, London

This stunning bookshop in Notting Hill was founded in 2009 by two literary agents, Sarah Lutyens and Felicity Rubinstein – the 'flying' literature dangling from the ceiling alone makes this gorgeous building worth the trip. There’s no seating inside the store, but you can take your book to Biscuiteers across the street for some gingerbread, tea and a bit of reading time.

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Nomad Books

781 Fulham Rd, Fulham, London

A hallway lined with literature connects both sections of this beautiful shop. At the front is a tastefully selected table of books and reading-related gifts, then towards the back of the store lies a children’s paradise, with plenty of reading space and shelves of colorful books and toys. Once everyone has picked out their reads, the cozy oval couch in the children’s section has plenty of room for adults as well.

Hurlingham Books

91 Fulham High St, Fulham, London

There are no windows in Hurlingham Books. Well, there are, but they’re covered in books! The warm and welcoming nature of this shop is clear from the moment you walk through the door, although opening hours can occasionally be sporadic, so it’s suggested to call before coming in to make sure someone will be there. You’re likely to even meet the original owner, Ray Cole, who has opened the doors every morning since 1968. There's very little room in to sit down, but the beautiful 17th-century tavern next door, Eight Bells, will welcome you and your new book purchase with a comfortable seat and a pint.

John Sandoe

10 Blacklands Terrace, Chelsea, London

Another longstanding bookshop, John Sandoe opened its doors in 1957. To this day, it exists as a labyrinth of affordable books, despite much of the neighborhood being high-end retailers. Inside is littered with framed prints, strategically placed stools and chairs, as well as a huge variety of books. Their dedication to reading goes beyond the call of standard customer service, as they’ll even hunt down rare and out-of-print editions if you request it.

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Foster Books

183 Chiswick High Rd, Chiswick, London

Another bookshop established in the 1960s, Foster Books was a longstanding family-run business, though it has since been passed down to a new generation of vetted book-lovers. If you could not tell from the exteriors, they specialize in antiquarian books, fine bindings, and first editions. They also have an extensive website that will show you what books are available to view and purchase in-store.

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Alaska is bigger, colder and more remote than any other state in the US. There are thrilling adventures to be had here, but also pitfalls to be avoided. Take precautions, but don’t let the wilderness spook you. Here are some pertinent tips on how to plan and survive a trip to the great north of America.

Planning your trip to Alaska

Having a successful trip to Alaska starts before you even leave home. Here are some of the key things to think about before you embark for the Last Frontier state.

Early birds get better accommodation

Alaska's summer season is relatively short (May to September) and places to stay fill up quickly. Book accommodation at least two months in advance, especially in smaller towns where choices are limited. The same goes for campgrounds – you won't be the only one looking for a pitch in peak season.

Book excursions early too

Other big-ticket items can also get overbooked. That multi-day kayaking trip you were keen on? The fly-in, wilderness bear-spotting excursion you’ve been dreaming about since Christmas? Book ‘em up before May to avoid disappointment.

Bring an eye mask for summer nights

In high summer, it barely gets dark in Alaska, particularly in the far north. If you’re a sensitive sleeper, bring an eye mask. Hotel rooms have curtains but tents don’t.

Renting a car? It might not be necessary

A large proportion of Alaska is off the road network, so a rental car isn't always an advantage. Ferries connect the far-flung towns of the Alaska panhandle, Prince William Sound and the Alaska peninsula, while bush planes are the only way to reach the remote, road-less expanses of the north and west. The Alaska Railroad will get you to the gates of the state’s two most popular national parks: Denali and Kenai Fjords. Even buses do a relatively good job linking Anchorage and Fairbanks to places as far apart as Wrangell-St Elias National Park, Tok, Chicken and Deadhorse on the Arctic Ocean.

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Etiquette in Alaska

Getting by in Alaska means understanding the local way of doing things. Here are some pointers.

Alaska's Native culture

Indigenous people – who prefer to be called Alaska Natives – comprise around 16% of Alaska’s population. Many live in 229 federally recognized villages, and their culture varies widely. Key communities include the Inupiat in the Arctic, the Athabascans in the Interior, the Aleutians in the Southwest, and the Tlingit and Haida in the Panhandle, to name but a few. Sadly, a disproportionate number of Native Alaskans (25%) live below the poverty line.

The 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act gave Alaska Native corporations and villages title rights to 44 million acres of land – that might sound substantial but it's only about one-tenth of the state. Due to Alaska’s isolation and late colonization, the state harbors just one native reservation, the Metlakatla Indian Community on Annette Island just south of Ketchikan.

And where to find it...

A good overview of Alaska Native culture can be gained from a trip to the Anchorage Museum or the Alaska State Museum in Juneau, both good places to get your bearings before heading out to engage with living Native culture in outlying regions.

Viewing totem poles will also give you some insights into the Native culture of Alaska. Emblematic of the people of the southeast coast and British Columbia, these zoomorphic sculptures are loaded with cultural, historical and artistic significance. You’ll find an abundance of totem poles in the southeastern panhandle, particularly in Ketchikan’s Saxman Village and Totem Heritage Center, and Sitka’s National Historical Park.

Eating out is casual

Restaurant food is often expensive in Alaska, but eating out is casual, and it’s not usually necessary to pre-book tables, except at posher places in Anchorage and Juneau. Meat and fish are staples; outside of Anchorage and other large towns, vegetarians/vegans may have less choice than they would in other parts of the US.

Pack practical dress rather than posh dress

Alaska's weather can be unpredictable and the temperature and conditions can vary greatly with altitude and latitude. Be sure to pack a warm fleece and waterproof jacket and leggings, even in the summer. Take a hat and gloves year-round in the Far North, and make sure your footwear is warm and durable, with good grip.

Restaurants rarely have strict dress codes and Alaskans don’t usually glam up for dinner. You’re better off leaving the tux and high heels at home.

Some of the best bars are dives

True, there are plenty of hip micro-breweries in Alaska, but you can’t really call yourself a bona fide sourdough (old-timer) until you’ve braved a beer in a dive bar full of grizzled locals sporting Klondike beards... with a carpet that hasn’t been cleaned since 1974.

Health and safety in Alaska

The Alaskan wilds are an environment to be taken seriously, and Alaska's cities can sometimes be rough around the edges. Here are some key steps for staying safe in America's wild north.

The crime question

Alaska currently has the highest crime rate of any US state, the most commonly reported cases being aggravated assault. Violence against women is also depressingly widespread. However, in general, crime is an urban phenomenon, especially in Anchorage. As a visitor from out of state, it’s unlikely you’ll face too many issues if you follow basic common sense safety precautions, stay vigilant, and stick to well-trodden routes in daylight hours.

See bears, from a safe distance

Bears are everywhere in Alaska. Black, brown (grizzly) and polar bears are found from the frozen wastes of the Arctic tundra to the parks of metro Anchorage. While you don’t want to let an irrational fear of bears limit your adventures, it’s important to heed a few basic warnings and minimize your chance of a dangerous close encounter.

If you do meet a bear on the trail, do not turn and run – even if you’re the world’s fastest sprinter, you can’t outrun a bear. Stop dead, make no sudden moves and begin talking calmly to the animal. Most bear charges are bluffs, with the animal veering off at the last minute. If an encounter is imminent, drop into a fetal position, place your hands behind your neck and play dead. If a bear continues biting you after you have assumed a defensive posture, then you must fight back vigorously.

To minimize the chances of this happening, it’s highly advisable to carry bear spray if you’re spending any time hiking or biking on trails. Bears can show up unannounced anywhere – the heavily used Tony Knowles Coastal Trail in Anchorage is no exception. Even joggers might want to consider investing in a strap-on belt to carry a bear spray canister.

These defensive aerosol sprays contain red-pepper extract. Canisters cost $40 to $50 and are effective at ranges of 18-24ft but must be discharged downwind. As you can’t take bear spray on airplanes, you’ll need to stock up on arrival in Alaska.

All wild animals are unpredictable

Bears aren’t the only potentially dangerous animals. You also need to be careful around moose, cougars, musk oxen, elk, wolves and other large animals. As a general rule of thumb, all wild animals are unpredictable – give them enough space and don’t expect them to keep still and pose calmly for photos.

There’s a reason the mosquito is Alaska’s unofficial state bird

Everything is bigger in Alaska, even the mosquitoes. The muskeg swamplands are full of them and they’re ferocious. Bring repellent – and pick a brand with a high percentage of DEET!

Hiking is a different sport up here

Alaska’s backcountry can be brutal – bereft of phone reception, light on even basic facilities, and lashed by fickle, often hostile weather. You’ll need to pay extra attention to the conditions when making hiking plans.

It’s always best to hike in groups or with a friend. If you’re going it alone, be sure to leave details of your itinerary with a responsible friend or a park ranger. Always tell someone where you are going, when you are leaving and when you plan to be back. Some trails have sign-in boards at the trailhead for added peace of mind.

Don’t even contemplate a day-hike without taking the backcountry basics – bear spray, some method of water purification (tablets or filter), energy bars, extra clothing (whatever the weather) and a mobile phone (which can also act as a flashlight, compass, altimeter and route-finder).

As any high school teacher will tell you: it’s best not to leave your homework until the last minute. Read trail reports, study maps, research recent wildlife activity, and investigate other potential pitfalls before setting out.

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Turquoise seas, white-sand beaches, palm trees and fruity drinks – both Hawaii and the Caribbean Islands have all the ingredients for a dreamy, tropical getaway. For travelers in North America looking for island escapes, this is a common travel conundrum – but even if you're coming from further afield, how do you choose?

Here are the most important things to consider when looking to travel to either of these paradise destinations.

How far are you willing to go?

With 65 major islands in the Caribbean and 6 in Hawaii – not to mention heaps of smaller and private islands – deciding on a spot for your warm-weather escape may seem daunting. Where you’re coming from may be the biggest consideration – the Caribbean is easier for East Coasters to visit, while Hawaii has frequent flights from the West Coast. If you're American and don’t have a passport, Hawaii is the obvious option as you do not need your passport to travel to the remote islands, though Key West, Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands are also open to passport-less US citizens.

Consider the costs

Resorts offer package deals for both Hawaii and the Caribbean, but the Caribbean will typically put less of a dent in your wallet. Puerto Rico and the Bahamas are especially affordable. The Caribbean is known more for its all-inclusive resorts which helps immensely to stay in budget while many of Hawaii's à la carte-priced resorts can add up fast.

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The time of year will determine the crowds

Both Hawaii and the Caribbean have distinct ‘off’ seasons. For the Caribbean, that's the hurricane season, which lasts from June through November. Cheaper prices and thinner crowds are pros; the chance of an actual hurricane blowing away your vacation is the definite con. Things start hopping again with the winter holidays, and go crazy during March and April for American Spring Break. In Hawaii, winter is busy, while spring and fall are more peaceful and still offer gorgeous weather to boot.

How much time do you have?

If you're on the East Coast, a weekend Caribbean jaunt is totally doable – the flight from New York to Nassau, Bahamas is only about three hours, for example. Plenty of companies offer long weekend packages to best take advantage of your limited time. A Hawaiian getaway is a longer commitment – the trip from Los Angeles to Honolulu takes nearly six hours. So once you're there, you'll want to spend at least four or five days to make it worth the journey. Hawaii Airlines has many daily shuttles between the islands that makes it easy to hop around and make the most of your time.

How to get around in Hawaii

Narrowing it down by interest

While both regions offer sand, sun and waves, each has its own standout features:

Volcanoes: Hawaii's are some of the best in the world

A few Caribbean islands, including Martinique and Guadeloupe, have volcanoes, but nothing compares to the lunar landscapes and flame-spitting peaks of the volcanic Hawaiian Islands. Kīlauea, the world's most active volcano, is a pilgrimage in and of itself, as is neighboring Mauna Loa, the world's biggest volcano. See both with a trip to the awe- and terror-inspiring Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. Truly one for the ‘bucket list.’

Beaches: gorgeous coasts all around

Please, don't make us pick! The Caribbean has pink sands. Hawaii has black sands. Both have sugar-white sands stretching for miles into an infinity of cyan water. Many Caribbean beaches are family-friendly, with shallow waters and little surf, but Hawaiian waters are better for water sports.

Colonial cities: the Caribbean's got the cobblestones and pirate haunts

The Caribbean takes the cake here, with the oldest cities in the New World. Amble down the narrow cobblestone streets of Santo Domingo ’s Zona Colonial (Dominican Republic), check out 17th-century pirate haunts in Nassau, Bahamas or admire the filigreed balconies and fluted columns of San Juan, Puerto Rico's Spanish mansions. Whether you're sleeping in a monastery-turned-hotel, dining in a former 18th-century plantation house or touring tumbledown Colonial forts overgrown with hibiscus and climbing vines, the past never seems far away.

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Sailing: seek out the calm breezes of the Caribbean

For sailing, the calmer, shallower waters of the Caribbean make for a smooth ride, and the close proximity of many of the islands make island-hopping a breeze. Most of the upscale resorts in the region offer marinas to dock your mega-yacht. If you're yacht-less, you can always rent – boats are available both with and without captain and crew.

Surfing: Hawaii is one of the world's greatest surfing destinations

If it's waves you want, Hawaii's tops. The sport, in its modern form, was first popularized here in the early 20th century, and the islands continue to attract the biggest names in surfing from across the globe. It's not uncommon to see Hawaiian kids surfing when they barely look big enough to walk – it's less a sport here than a religion, a way of life.

Hiking: Hawaii is a tropical paradise best explored by foot

The level topography of most of the Caribbean islands makes hiking a bit...flat. Hawaii presents no such problems. Whether you're picking your way across fields of dried lava or traversing the rim of Waimea Canyon en route to jungle-ringed Waipoo Falls, the islands offer hikes for all levels.

Music: the Caribbean's got the beats while smoother vibes await in Hawaii

It's steel drum vs. ukelele. Hawaiian music is great, but the Caribbean offers a vast breadth and depth of danceable beats, from Cuban salsa to Bahamian goombay to Jamaican dancehall, reggae and ska to the calypso of Trinidad and Tobago to the zouk of the French West Indies. You can't walk down the street without hearing the sound of a steel drum or a tinny soca beat coming from a transistor radio, and you can hardly help shaking your hips.

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If you’re looking for Iceland at its rawest, wildest and emptiest, the Westfjords is most definitely where you’ll find it.

This off-the-radar peninsula in northwest Iceland is only 200km (124 miles) from Reykjavik – less than a day’s drive – yet fewer than 10% of visitors take the time to explore it, deterred by its remoteness, its sparse habitation, and its notorious unpaved roads.

Those who do visit return with tales to make other travelers green with envy. This is a land of craggy cliffs cloaked with seabirds, thunderous waterfalls, vast glaciers, epic valleys – and perhaps most compelling of all – hardly any other visitors to share these wonders with.

If you’re one of the hardy few who make it to the Westfjords, bear in mind that the weather can be wild, whatever time of year you visit. The short Icelandic summer from June to August brings the most settled conditions and the longest days (in midsummer the sun never sets at all) but in winter, it’s the polar opposite: just a few hours of daylight a day, with heavy snowfall and ice aplenty.

Visitor numbers drop off sharply in spring and fall, so these are good times to explore the region’s amazing hiking trails in solitude. Winter is reserved for hardy explorers, but there's skiing at Isafjördur and you have a decent chance of spotting the Northern Lights.

For fans of scenery and solitude, here are the top times to come to the Westfjords.

Low Season (October–April) is the best time to see the Northern Lights

Perhaps unsurprisingly, winter is the most challenging time to visit the Westfjords. Snow, ice and blocked roads are common. Some of the more isolated communities of the Westfjords are cut off entirely for much of winter. But it’s also a spectacularly beautiful time of year – especially if you want to experience winter skiing or snowshoeing in an empty landscape or have front-row seats for the Northern Lights.

The aurora is actually present for most of the year, but it requires clear, dark skies to become visible. You might get enough darkness in September and May, but visiting from October to April optimizes your chances. Note that winter driving in Iceland – especially in the Westfjords – can be challenging; snow tires and/or snow chains are essential. Better still, rent a 4WD.

Shoulder Season (May and September) is the best time for quiet trails

Spring and fall whizz by so fast in Iceland that you could blink and miss them – especially in the Westfjords, where there are few trees to mark the transition (locals are more likely to discern the arrival of spring and fall by the amount of snow on the ground). Nevertheless, these are great times for walking along empty trails.

The Westfjords are noticeably quieter in spring and fall. There are fewer hikers on the trails and hotel rooms are easier to come by (and often a bit cheaper). Larger roads and passes are likely to be open, making this a good time for a road trip, but some seasonal shops, attractions and restaurants are likely to be closed.

High Season (June–August) is the best time for outdoor activities

In line with the rest of Iceland, the summer months are when the Westfjords opens up for outdoor pursuits: hiking, mountain biking, sea kayaking, wildlife spotting and more. All the major mountain passes and cross-fjord ferry routes linking the valleys of the Westfjords are open at the height of summer, making travel relatively straightforward.

Summer is also the time when the Westfjords are at their most crowded – relatively speaking – so you'll need to book ahead at hotels, especially in popular areas such as the main city of Ísafjörður. There’s also plenty of daylight – 24 non-stop hours in June, with only a couple hours less in July and August – maximizing your time for exploring.

Being weather-ready in the Westfjords

Whenever you come, you'll need to be prepared for all weathers in the Westfjords. Wintry conditions can strike without warning, even in midsummer. Wind and rainproof gear, a pair of decent boots and some warm layers will definitely come in handy, and it’s worth packing a spare tire and an extra can of gas just in case (petrol stations in the Westfjords are few and far between). A road map and ferry timetables are also very useful: don’t rely on being able to get a decent cell signal out in the Westfjords.

January

Just three hours of daylight and average temperatures that barely scrape above freezing make January a demanding month to visit – but if you hit the jackpot and get some clear weather days, it’s a brilliant time to get in some winter wildlife watching. The Westfjords is one of the few areas where you have a good chance of spotting Arctic foxes in the wild. January is also peak time for aurora-watching – as long as you’re prepared to hang around for those elusive cloud-free skies, of course.
Key events: Þorrablót

February

The days get noticeably longer in February – you can expect around five solid hours of daylight, especially toward the latter part of the month. Snow still cloaks the landscape, and aurora activity remains strong – but day after day of grey skies can obscure the show.
Key events: Bolludagur (Cream Bun Day), Sprengidagur (Bursting Day), Öskudagur (Icelandic Halloween)

March

With twice as much daylight as February – up to ten hours daily – March is the height of the ski season in the Westfjords. Cross-country skiing, downhill and snowboarding are all on offer at the main ski resort in Ísafjörður, while more experienced skiers can head off into the backcountry (hire an experienced local guide for safety).
Key Events: Fossavatn Ski Marathon (late March or early April)

April

April is a transition month in the Westfjords. Winter still holds much of the landscape in its icy grip, and many areas are still blanketed in thick snow, but more sheltered areas show the first signs of spring: a flush of greenery, perhaps, or even a few wildflowers. Ski season continues at Ísafjörður.
Key Events: Ísafjörður Ski Week; Sumardagurinn fyrsti (first day of summer)

May

The first serious thaws of the year usually happen in May, opening up parts of the Westfjords that have been off-limits for much of winter. Wildflowers begin to bloom in earnest, and it’s a great time of year for birdwatching. Seasonal seabirds – from guillemots, razorbills and cormorants to kittiwakes and puffins – take up roost on the region’s craggy cliffs, including at Látrabjarg, Iceland's westernmost point. The snowmelt also means this is generally a good time to view mighty Dynjandi and other Westfjords waterfalls in full flow.
Key Events: Peak season for birdwatching

June

The month of the midnight sun hits. The Westfjords basks under 24 hours of perpetual daylight, allowing maximum time for exploring. It’s also a brilliant time of year for photography, with a golden hour that seems to last forever, though temperatures rarely climb above 10˚C (50˚F). Mountain roads and hiking trails start to open up in June and the endless daylight means you can pack in some serious trail time. Remember to pack an eye mask if you plan on getting any sleep at all.
Key Events: Sjómannadagurinn (Sailor’s Day); National Day of Iceland; Summer Solstice

July

The start of summer in the Westfjords, with plentiful wildflowers, activities galore and even the chance of sunburn. Though temperatures hover around 10–12˚C (50–54˚F), the summer sun in Iceland can be very strong, so pack sunblock. It’s an excellent time of year for wildlife: humpbacks, gray whales and orcas can be seen off the coast, and playful puffins waddle around the Westfjord’s cliffs. It’s also the best time of year to explore the amazing wilderness area of Hornstrandir and take a day trip to the island of Vigur.
Key Events: Swamp Soccer in Bolungarvík

August

Another great month for hiking, biking and outdoor pursuits, with lots of daylight (16 to 17 hours) and the year’s warmest temperatures, peaking at 14–16˚C (57–61˚F). Seabirds (including puffins) begin to migrate south for the winter, so this is your last chance to see them, and whale sightings also become less common. Trails are at their busiest, however, and the most popular hotels and campsites can be booked out. And while it might not quite be sunbathing weather, August is a fine month for exploring the Westfjord’s beaches, including Breiðavík and Rauðasandur. Towards the end of the month, the first bite of winter can be felt once darkness falls.
Key Events: Verslunarmannahelgi; Blueberry Days in Sudavik

September

If fall’s going to put in an appearance, September is when you’ll see it – although with hardly any trees in the Westfjords, don’t expect much in the way of leaf-peeping. With fewer visitors, it’s an excellent time for tours: kayaking, photography and guided hikes are all popular.
Key Events: Icelandic Blues Festival in Patreksfjörður

October

Temperatures drop sharply and the first winter snowfall can be expected in October. Temperatures drop close to freezing overnight, and 10-12 days of snow is not unusual across the month. October is also when the Northern Lights begin to show up reliably in the Westfjords, so it’s an excellent time to book an aurora tour.
Key Events: Start of the Northern Lights season

November

The sun is gone by 4pm in November, so Icelanders head inside in search of food, drink and entertainment. This is a great time to visit the region’s biggest town – bustling Ísafjörður – to hunker down in its cozy cafes and pubs, visit heritage museums and dine out in seafood bistros. Don’t miss the informative Westfjords Heritage Museum and the quirky Museum of Everyday Life.
Key Events: Christmas tree lighting across the Westfjords

December

Like many Nordic nations, Iceland puts on a grand show for Christmas. Every house is decorated with colorful lights, and the calendar is packed with festive events – from winter beer tastings to reindeer rides and Christmas markets. Fireworks light up the sky on New Year’s Eve – but they’re often overshadowed by the aurora.
Key Events: New Year’s Eve

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The UK government has changed it's entry rules for travelers, in response to the detection of the Omicron strain of COVID-19 in the country.

As of 4 am on Tuesday, December 7, all travelers over the age of 12 entering the UK from another country (apart from Ireland which is exempt) will be required to have taken a COVID-19 test within 48 hours of boarding their flight, regardless of vaccination status. The UK health secretary Sajid Javid made the announcement and said it was because of an "increasing number of cases linked to travel".

Passengers will also need to take another  COVID-19 PCR test after they arrive in England. They will need to do some research and pre-book their PCR test before traveling. That's because they'll need to include the test's booking reference in the passenger locator form, which is to be completed up to 48 hours before departure. The test can be taken anytime after arrival but before the end of day two.  Day of arrival is noted as day zero.  If the results are positive, the traveler must continue to self isolate for a full 10 days. If test result is unclear, the passenger can opt to take another private test. If the result of that test is negative, they can stop self-isolating.

All travelers must quarantine in their home or the place they are staying while they await test results.

Only tests booked through a government-approved provider will be accepted. Tests cost between £75-140 (US $100-186), depending on the provider, and passengers will have to cover the cost themselves.

Read more: These countries have imposed travel restrictions due to the Omicron COVID-19 variant

Previously, passengers could take an antigen or lateral flow test upon arrival but the government announced last week that it will only allow PCR results. This is in response to the emergence of the Omicron COVID-19 strain in the UK, which the World Health Organization has labelled as a "variant of concern" that poses a "very high" global risk.

The UK has as of Monday banned arrivals from Nigeria, adding the country to the list of  10 southern African countries on the UK's 'red list', including South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola. Only UK or Irish citizens are being permitted entry to the UK from a red listed country, and  they must isolate in a government-approved quarantine hotel for at least 10 days.  Travel to the 11 countries on the red list is not currently permitted from the UK.

After dropping all domestic COVID-19 restrictions in July, the UK has brought back its mask mandate. Face coverings are once again compulsory in shops and on public transport; however hospitality venues like restaurants and bars are exempt.

If you have a trip to the UK booked, remember that you'll also need to prove that you’ve been fully vaccinated under a vaccination programme accepted by the UK. Visitors should continue to observe official precautions, and be sensitive to differing requirements and local attitudes across England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

For more information on COVID-19 and travel, check out Lonely Planet's Health Hub.

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If a fear of heights doesn't stop you from hiking Zion National Park' s iconic Angels Landing , not having a permit soon will.

As part of a pilot program to reduce crowding on the trail, the Utah park announced starting April 1, 2022, you’ll need a permit to access its iconic chained section.

With a change in altitude of 1,488 feet, it draws in hikers for its breathtaking views and its reputation as a dangerous trail not suited for those who are afraid of heights. The strenuous hike's final half-mile is narrow, measuring less than three feet wide with steep drop-offs to the side. Hikers grip chains on the trail as they make their way to the top where they’re rewarded with breathtaking views of the park.

Read More: Zion or Bryce Canyon? How to choose between Utah's top national parks

In places, the trail is too narrow for people to safely go up and down at the same time, creating bottlenecks and long waits to finally pass along the vertigo-inducing trail. Zion National Park superintendent Jeff Bradybaugh said the permitting system would make accessing Angels Landing "fair for everyone."

“The system we’ve put in place will reduce crowding on the trail, address safety concerns and make it easy for visitors to plan ahead," Bradybaugh said.

Like many of America’s national parks, Zion National Park has worked to balance the growing number of visitors to the park with the visitor experience. In 2011, the park recorded 2.8 million visitors. In 2019, that figure grew to 4.5 million and the park says it anticipates that number will rise.

In 2019 and 2021, park rangers metered the number of hikers on Angels Landing trail during busy days, leaving visitors sometimes waiting hours just to start their hike along the trail. The park said the permitting system is a pilot program developed from the lessons learned from that metering system, as well as hearing from members of the public about how to manage traffic along the trail.

How do you get a permit for Angels Landing?

You’ll have two avenues to find a permit, both through the National Parks Service website Recreation.gov.

The NPS will hold seasonal lotteries, with the first one opening on January 3, 2022 for permits from April 1 through May 31.  You’ll have to pay a nonrefundable $6 fee to enter the lottery, which closes on January 20, 2022. If you are chosen for a permit on January 25, you’ll then pay an additional $3 fee per person listed on the permit. The NPS says this fee is to help pay to administer the program, as well as for the rangers who will check permits and help visitors on the trail.

If you don’t get a permit through the initial lottery, you can try to enter a second lottery the day before you plan to hike. The lottery will open each day at 12:01 am. Mountain time and close at 3 pm. Rangers will draw permits at 4 pm Mountain time.

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Want to hike Zion's fearsome Angels Landing trail? You'll soon need a permit

Plush hotels and powder-soft sand beaches are just the tips of the iceberg when it comes to the Cayman Islands. The trio of idyllic isles sits in the Western Caribbean and they’re a playground for sun-worshippers and adventure-seekers.

Relaxation is king in this part of the world, with beach resorts, catamaran trips, and sunset cocktails all featuring as standard. Prefer a little more action and adventure? Some of the most interesting things to do in the Cayman Islands make the most of the region’s many natural wonders. A decent chunk of them are on the largest island, Grand Cayman, but you’ll also have no shortage of other activities on Cayman Brac, or the small and serene Little Cayman.

Get up close to extraordinary marine life at Stingray City

Stingray City is easily one of the most popular attractions on the island, and you’ll find it in Grand Cayman’s North Sound, just a short hop from Rum Point.

According to local legend, fishermen used to stop off at this shallow sandbank to gut their catches before heading back to shore. All those guts attracted rays like moths to a flame and, consequently, they still congregate there to this day. The only difference is the fishing boats have now been replaced by yachts and sightseeing vessels.

Despite its popularity, Stingray City is unmissable. Join an organized tour, such as those offered by Red Sail, and jump down into shallow water to witness dozens of these majestic sea creatures gliding below the surface around you. Go mid-week or early morning to share the sandbar with fewer boats.

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Climb across Cayman Brac Bluff

The Cayman Islands is a notoriously flat archipelago. In fact, the highest point on Grand Cayman is just 24m (78ft) above sea level! If you fancy gazing out to sea from a slightly loftier location, your best bet is on Cayman Brac.

This is the second-largest of the Cayman Islands and its craggy limestone ridge has long attracted rock climbers and hikers to its shores. Walk along the top of Cayman Bluff or, if you’re feeling brave, abseil down 40m (131ft) of sheer cliff face during an organized climb with Rock Iguanas.

Meet the blue iguanas at Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park

It’s not just marine life that the Cayman Islands does well. One of the nation’s most iconic indigenous species is the blue iguana (also known as the rock iguana). These endangered creatures are best seen at the Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park that sits on the sleepy east side of Grand Cayman.

Back in 1990, there were less than 30 of these large lizards left on the planet. A conservation program was set up and that figure has since jumped to over 1000. If you’re lucky, you might bump into some blue iguanas wandering around in the undergrowth. For an almost guaranteed sighting though, check out the blue iguana breeding center at the top end of the gardens where you can peer through small windows into sheltered enclosures.

The park is also teeming with tropical flora and fauna, including some very impressive palms and a few humongous agave plants. Visiting in spring? The Orchid Garden will be a riot of color. There’s also the Cayman Heritage Garden that gives you a detailed idea of what life was like on the islands in centuries gone by.

Explore ancient caves once used as hurricane shelters

Not just great for climbing and hikes, Cayman Bluff also hides a series of incredible caves. Many have been made safe for visitors, including Rebecca’s Cave that’s poignantly named after Rebecca Bodden, a local child who died while sheltering there from a hurricane in 1932. Peter’s Cave on the opposite side of the island is also worth a visit (there are even purpose-built steps leading into it) and it’s still used as a hurricane shelter today.

Only visiting Grand Cayman? There are opportunities for subterranean adventures there, too. A trip to the Crystal Caves in Old Man Bay is easily one of the most interesting places to visit on the island. They’re made up of 100+ ancient caves dripping in spectacular stalagmites and stalactites. Pull on some comfy shoes and join an organized tour to learn the secrets of three of the caves, including their intriguing past as pirate hidey-holes. Just watch out for the bats.

Laze around on Seven Mile Beach

This long stretch of soft white sand lapped by calm, crystalline water is the crowning glory of Cayman’s beaches. Large parts of public Seven Mile Beach are taken over by hotels, holiday rentals and beach clubs. What’s more, you’ll find one of the top things to do on a cruise to the Cayman Islands is to spend a few hours lounging around on the shoreline.

If you’d rather escape the crowds, there’s plenty of space to swim and snooze away from the sun loungers and water sports. Venture to the most northerly end of the beach to find a relatively undeveloped stretch of sand between the Kimpton and Discovery Point Club. The water here is also a lovely turquoise and calm enough for snorkeling.

Seven Mile Beach is additionally one of the best places for nightlife. Most hotels have bars right on the sand, with popular picks being the Royal Palms Beach Resort and Coccoloba at the Kimpton. You could also stroll along West Bay Road for a few pints at cool and casual Craft F&B. Alternatively, hop across the pedestrian bridge to Camana Bay , a contemporary dining and shopping complex with a handful of lively bars.

Enjoy total isolation on Owen Island

Looking for a little solo time? Escaping to uninhabited Owen Island fits the bill. With its wild vegetation and virgin beaches, it’s the epitome of going off the beaten path. The tiny isle is privately owned but open to the public, and just a short distance off Little Cayman’s south coast. While accessible by boat, hiring kayaks from the nearby Southern Cross Club and making your own leisurely way across really adds to the sense of adventure.

Gorge on great gastronomy

Food lovers rejoice! The Caymans Islands is often referred to as the Caribbean's unofficial culinary capital, with restaurants ranging from flash Michelin-starred restaurants such as Blue by Eric Ripert on Seven Mile Beach to locally-loved takeout places like Barry’s Golden Jerk , which occupies a tiny wooden shack on Cayman Brac.

Enjoying a taste of the Cayman Islands is recommended. Spicy jerk chicken, fresh seafood ceviche drizzled in lemon juice, and sticky cassava cake are all on the menu. Vivine’s Kitchen and Big Tree BBQ number among the best venues for local grub (the latter even serves up traditional turtle stew). There are heaps of places to suit veggies and vegans on Grand Cayman, too. Vivo is known for its coconut ceviche, while Island Naturals Cafe is perfect for sandwiches and salads.

Seek out the elusive Cayman Brac Parrot

Keen bird-watchers will want to keep their eyes peeled for several local species. The most celebrated is the endangered Cayman Brac Parrot that’s a truly impressive sight thanks to its vibrant blue and green feathers. Your best chance of seeing one is at the National Trust Brac Parrot Reserve . Go in the morning or late afternoon when the sun is low and follow the well-worn nature path, gazing overhead at the trees as you go to spot these well-camouflaged birds.

Study up on the local history

Like all Caribbean nations, Cayman has a rich heritage stretching back several centuries. Before visiting historic sites like Pedro St James , do some background reading at one of the region’s museums.

Each island has its own local history venue. The largest is in George Town, the region’s capital on Grand Cayman, that’s postcard-perfect with its candy-colored buildings and harbor views. The Cayman National Museum has a series of exhibits on the islands’ natural and human history, including an entertaining visual show that summarises their eclectic cultural heritage.

Elsewhere, the free-to-enter Cayman Brac Museum has a small yet intriguing collection of items relating to local life, plus a great display on the devastating 1932 hurricane that ravaged the island. Little Cayman Museum also hosts particularly good exhibits on local ecology and underwater wildlife.

Dive in the deepest part of the Caribbean Sea

Dive schools are two a penny in the Cayman Islands - and that’s all down to the region’s breath-taking underwater sites. Always wanted to swim through the hull of a ship? Cayman’s shorelines host over 200 different wrecks!

The Kittiwake - a former USS submarine vessel - sits just off Seven Mile Beach and was purposefully sunk in 2011 to create an artificial reef. Cayman Brac’s Captain Keith Tibbets Wreck - a former Russian frigate - has a similar story. Both are now crusty with bright corals and provide brilliant natural habitats for huge shoals of grouper fish, in addition to rays, turtles, eels and barracudas.

Let’s not forget Little Cayman, either. It sits close to the Cayman Trench - the deepest point in the Caribbean - and is the location of Bloody Bay Marine Park. The rather gruesomely named reserve is one of Cayman’s most unmissable dive sites thanks to the Bloody Bay Wall. Plunging an unfathomable 300m (980ft) below the ocean’s surface, it’s home to awesome anemones, fantastic fan corals and vast schools of fish in all shapes, shades and sizes.

Take a tour of the Central Caribbean Marine Institute

If you like to give back during your travels, a trip to the Central Caribbean Marine Institute (CCMI) in Little Cayman is ideal. It conducts vital research on the region’s reefs, in addition to running various marine conservation projects. As well as arranging a tour of the center, keen divers might want to plan a dive trip alongside a CCMI underwater researcher.

Embrace Cayman culture at a festival

Caymanians love to party, so it’s no surprise that the nation’s calendar is littered with festivals.

Pirates Week Festival is the pick of the bunch. It takes place in November and attracts visitors from far and wide. Sip on free-flowing rum punch and mingle with actors dressed as fearsome buccaneers (look out for Jack Sparrow’s doppelganger). Various events are hosted throughout the week across all three islands. The main one is a procession through George Town which ends with the Governor of the Cayman Islands being captured and made to walk the plank of a replica pirate ship.

Foodies might prefer to visit in January when Taste of Cayman , one of the biggest food festivals in the Caribbean, occurs. Beach BBQs, culinary masterclasses and pop-up stalls from Grand Cayman’s best restaurants feature on its mouth-watering program. And, last but not least, there’s Batabano . This fun festival happens in May and it’s a lively celebration of Caymanian culture, complete with live calypso music and a parade featuring 100+ revelers garbed in colorful (and often richly feathered) costumes.

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