Poland Work, study & volunteering

Study

Courses

Polish language courses are available in a number of spots across the country, such as Sopot, Kraków, Warsaw and Wrocław. They last anywhere between one week to an entire summer, and can be tailored to fit student needs.

Train buffs can learn to drive a steam train in Wolsztyn and foodies can learn to cook proper pierogi (Polish dumplings) in a handful of places, including Warsaw.

Language

Polish is a western variety of the Slavonic languages found in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak and Slovene.

Ideally, everyone who wants to travel in Poland should know some basic Polish – the more you know the easier your travel is likely to be and the more you’ll get out of your time in the country. For a more comprehensive guide to the language, get a copy of Lonely Planet’s Polish Phrasebook or Small Talk Eastern Europe.

The polish alphabet

Polish letters with diacritical marks are treated as separate letters, and the order of the Polish alphabet is as follows:

a ą b c ć d e ę f g h i j k l ł m n ń o ó p (q) r s ś t u (v) w (x) y z ź ż

The letters q, v and x appear only in words of foreign origin.

Pronunciation

Written Polish is phonetically consistent, which means that the pronunciation of letters or clusters of letters doesn’t vary from word to word. The stress almost always falls on the second-last syllable.

Vowels

Polish vowels are pure, consisting of one sound only, and are of roughly even length. Their approximate pronunciations are as follows:

aas the ‘u’ in ‘cut’

ąa highly nasalised vowel; a cross between the ‘awn’ in ‘lawn’ and the ‘ong’ in ‘long’

e‘e’ in ‘ten’

ęalso highly nasalised; like the ‘eng’ in ‘engage’ (where the ‘ng’ is one sound, not ‘n’ followed by ‘g’); pronounced as e when word-final

ias in ‘police’ but shorter

oas in ‘not’

óthe same as Polish u

uas in ‘put’

yas the ‘i’ in ‘bit’

Consonants

Most Polish consonants are pronounced as in English. However, there are some very fine distinctions between certain consonants in Polish, which English speakers may find difficult to produce. The following guide only gives approximations of the correct pronunciation – your best bet is to listen to and learn from native speakers:

cas the ‘ts’ in ‘its’

chas the ‘ch’ in Scottish loch

czas the ‘ch’ in ‘church’

ćsimilar to c but pronounced with the tongue a little further back on the roof of the mouth; pronounced as ‘tsi’ before vowels

dzas the ‘ds’ in ‘adds up’

similar to dz but pronounced with the tongue a little further back on the roof of the mouth; pronounced as ‘dzi’ before vowels

as the ‘j’ in ‘jam’

gas in ‘get’

hthe same as ch

jas the ‘y’ in ‘yet’

łas the ‘w’ in ‘wine’

ńas the ‘ni’ in ‘onion’; written as ni before vowels

ralways trilled

rzas the ‘s’ in ‘pleasure’

sas in ‘set’

szas the ‘sh’ in ‘show’

śa soft ‘sh’ sound, similar to sz; written as si before vowels

w‘v’ in ‘van’

źas the ‘s’ in ‘pleasure’; written as zi before vowels

żthe same as rz

szczthe most obtuse-looking consonant cluster; pronounced as the ‘shch’ in ‘fresh cheese’

The following consonants are unvoiced when they are word-final: b is pronounced as ‘p’, d as ‘t’, g as ‘k’, w as ‘f’, z as ‘s’ and rzas ‘sz’.

Finally, here’s the favourite Polish tongue-twister for you to test your pronunciation skills on:

Chrząszcz brzmi w trzcinie.

The cockchafer buzzes in the weeds.

Accommodation

Where can I find a...?

Gdzie mogę znaleźć...?gjye mo·ge zna·leshch...

camping ground

campingkam·peenk

guesthouse

pensjonatpen·syo·nat

hotel

hotelho·tel

youth hostel

schronisko młodzieżowesro·nees·ko mwo·jye·zho·ve

Where is a cheap hotel?

Gdzie jest tani hotel?gjye yest ta·nee ho·tel

What is the address?

Jaki jest adres?ya·kee yest ad·res

Please write down the address.

Proszę to napisać.pro·she to na·pee·sach

Do youhave any rooms available?

Czy są wolne pokoje?chi som vol·ne po·ko·ye

I’d like (a)...

Poproszę o...po·pro·she o...

bed

łóżkowoosh·ko

single room

pokój jednoosobowypo·kooy yed·no·o·so·bo·vi

double bed

podwójnym łóżkiempod·vooy·nim woosh·kyem

room

pokójpo·kooy

twin room with two beds

pokój dwuosobowypo·kooy dvoo·o·so·bo·vi

room with a bathroom

pokój z łazienkąpo·kooy s wa·zhen·kom

to share a dorm

łóżko w sali zbiorowejwoosh·ko fsa·lee zbyo·ro·vey

How much is it per night?

Ile kosztuje za noc?ee·le kosh·too·ye za nots

May I see it?

Czy mogę go zobaczyć?chi mo·ge go zo·ba·chich

Where is the bathroom?

Gdzie jest łazienka?gjye yest wa·zhen·ka

Where is the toilet?

Gdzie są toalety?gjye som to·a·le·ti

I’m leaving today.

Wyjeżdżam dziś.vi·yesh·jyam jyeesh

Conversation & essentials

Hello.Dzień dobry.jyen do·bri

Goodbye.Do widzenia.do vee·dze·nya

Yes.Tak.tak

No.Nie.nye

Please.Proszę.pro·she

Thank you.Dziękuję.jyen·koo·ye

You’re welcome.Proszę.pro·she

Excuse me.Przepraszam.pshe·pra·sham

Sorry.Przepraszam.pshe·pra·sham

I like...Lubię...loo·bye...

I don’t like...Nie lubię...nye loo·bye...

Just a minute.Chwileczkę.hfee·lech·ke

What’s your name?

Jak masz na imię?yak mash na ee·mye

My name is...

Mam na imię... mam na ee·mye...

I’m from...

Jestem z...yes·tem s...

Where are you from?

Skąd pan/pani jest?skont pan/pa·nee yest (pol, m/f)

Skąd jesteś?skont yes·tesh (inf)

Directions

Where is...?

Gdzie jest...?gjye yest...

Go straight ahead.

Proszę iść prosto.pro·she eeshch pros·to

Turn left.

Proszę skręcić w lewo.pro·she skren·cheech fle·vo

Turn right.

Proszę skręcić w prawo.pro·she skren·cheech fpra·vo

at the corner

na roguna ro·goo

at the traffic lights

na światłachna shfya·twah

behindzaza

in front ofprzedpshet

oppositenaprzeciwkona·pshe·cheef·ko

far (from)dalekoda·le·ko

near (to)bliskoblees·ko

beachplażapla·zha

bridgemostmost

castlezamekza·mek

cathedralkatedraka·te·dra

churchkościółkosh·choow

islandwyspavis·pa

lakejezioroye·zho·ro

main squareplac głównyplats gwoov·ni

markettargtark

old city (town)stare miastosta·re mya·sto

palacepałacpa·wats

ruinsruinyroo·ee·ni

seamorzemo·zhe

squareplacplats

towerwieżavye·zha

Health

I’m ill.

Jestem chory/a.yes·tem ho·ri/a (m/f)

It hurts here.

Tutaj mnie boli.too·tay mnye bo·lee

I’m asthmatic/epileptic.

Mam astmę/epilepsję.mam as·tme/e·pee·lep·sye

I’m diabetic.Jestem diabetykiem.yes·tem dya·be·ti·kyem

I’m allergic to...Mam uczulenie na... mam oo·choo·le·nye na...

antibioticsantybiotykian·ti·byo·ti·kee

penicillinpenicylinępe·nee·tsi·lee·ne

beespszczołypshcho·wi

antisepticantyseptycznyan·ti·sep·tich·ni

aspirinaspirynaas·pee·ri·na

condomskondomykon·do·mi

contraceptiveśrodek anty-shro·dek an·ti· koncepcyjnykon·tsep·tsiy·ni

diarrhoeabiegunkabye·goon·ka

medicineleklek

nauseamdłościmdwosh·chee

sunblock creamkrem do opalaniakrem do o·pa·la·nya

tamponstamponytam·po·ni

Language difficulties

Do you speak English?

Czy pan/pani mówi chi pan/pa·nee moo·vee po angielsku?po an·gyel·skoo (m/f)

Does anyone here speak English?

Czy ktoś tu mówi chi ktosh too moo·vee po angielsku?po an·gyel·skoo

How do you say...?

Jak się mówi...?yak she moo·vee...

What does it mean?

Co to znaczy?tso to zna·chi

I understand.

Rozumiem. ro·zoo·myem

I don’t understand.

Nie rozumiem.nye ro·zoo·myem

Could you write it down, please?

Proszę to napisać.pro·she to na·pee·sach

Can you show me (on the map)?

Proszę mi pokazać pro·she mee po·ka·zach

(na mapie). (na ma·pye)

Numbers

0zeroze·ro

1jedenye·den

2dwadva

3trzytshi

4czterychte·ri

5pięćpyench

6sześćsheshch

7siedemshe·dem

8osiemo·shem

9dziewięćjye·vyench

10dziesięćjye·shench

11jedenaścieye·de·nash·che

12dwanaściedva·nash·che

13trzynaścietshi·nash·che

14czternaściechter·nash·che

15piętnaściepyent·nash·che

16szesnaścieshes·nash·che

17siedemnaścieshe·dem·nash·che

18osiemnaścieo·shem·nash·che

19dziewiętnaściejye·vyet·nash·che

20dwadzieściadva·jyesh·cha

21dwadzieścia jedendva·jyesh·cha ye·den

22dwadzieścia dwadva·jyesh·cha dva

30trzydzieścitshi·jyesh·chee

40czterdzieścichter·jyesh·chee

50pięćdziesiątpyen·jye·shont

60sześćdziesiątshesh·jye·shont

70siedemdziesiątshe·dem·jye·shont

80osiemdziesiąto·shem·jye·shont

90dziewięćdziesiątjye·vyen·jye·shont

100stosto

1000tysiącti·shonts

Paperwork

given namesimionaee·myo·na

surnamenazwiskonaz·vees·ko

nationalitynarodowośćna·ro·do·voshch

date of birthdata urodzeniada·ta oo·ro·dze·nya

place of birthmiejsce myey·stse urodzeniaoo·ro·dze·nya

sex/genderpłećpwech

passportpaszportpash·port

visawizavee·za

Question words

Who?Kto?kto

What?Co?tso

What is it?Co to jest?tso to yest

When?Kiedy?kye·di

Where?Gdzie?gjye

Which?Który?ktoo·ri

Why?Dlaczego?dla·che·go

How?Jak?yak

Shopping & services

I’d like to buy...

Chcę kupić...htse koo·peech...

How much is it?

Ile to kosztuje?ee·le to kosh·too·ye

I don’t like it.

Nie podoba mi się.nye po·do·ba mee she

May I look at it?

Czy mogę to zobaczyć?chi mo·ge to zo·ba·chich

I’m just looking.

Tylko oglądam.til·ko o·glon·dam

It’s expensive.

To jest drogie.to yest dro·gye

I’ll take it.

Wezmę to.vez·me to

Can I pay by credit card?

Czy mogę zapłacić chi mo·ge za·pwa·cheech

kartą kredytową?kar·tom kre·di·to·vom

morewięcejvyen·tsey

lessmniejmnyey

smallermniejszymnyey·shi

biggerwiększyvyenk·shi

Where’s...?

Gdzie jest...?gjye yest...

a bank

bankbank

the church

kościółkosh·choow

the city centre

centrumtsen·troom

the... embassy

ambasada...am·ba·sa·da...

the hospital

szpitalshpee·tal

the hotel

hotelho·tel

an internet café

kawiarnia internetowaka·vyar·nya een·ter·ne·to·va

the market

targtark

the museum

muzeummoo·ze·oom

the police station

posterunek policjipos·te·roo·nek po·lee·tsyee

the post office

pocztapoch·ta

a public phone

automat telefonicznyaw·to·mat te·le·fo·neech·ni

a public toilet

toaleta publicznato·a·le·ta poo·bleech·na

the tourist information office

biuro informacji byoo·ro een·for·ma·tsyee

turystycznejtoo·ris·tich·ney

Time & dates

What time is it?

Która jest godzina?ktoo·ra yest go·jee·na

It’s 10 o’clock.

Jest dziesiąta.yest jye·shon·ta

in the morningranora·no

in the afternoonpo południupo po·wood·nyoo

in the eveningwieczoremvye·cho·rem

todaydziś or dzisiajjeesh/jee·shay

tomorrowjutroyoo·tro

yesterdaywczorajfcho·ray

Mondayponiedziałekpo·nye·jya·wek

Tuesdaywtorekfto·rek

Wednesdayśrodashro·da

Thursdayczwartekchfar·tek

Fridaypiątekpyon·tek

Saturdaysobotaso·bo·ta

Sundayniedzielanye·jye·la

Januarystyczeństi·chen

Februarylutyloo·ti

Marchmarzecma·zhets

Aprilkwiecieńkfye·chen

Maymajmay

Juneczerwieccher·vyets

Julylipieclee·pyets

Augustsierpieńsher·pyen

Septemberwrzesieńvzhe·shen

Octoberpaździernikpazh·jyer·neek

Novemberlistopadlees·to·pat

Decembergrudzieńgroo·jyen

Private transport

I’d like to hire a...Chcę wypożyczyć... htse vi·po·zhi·chich...

bicyclerowerro·ver

carsamochódsa·mo·hoot

motorbikemotocyklmo·to·tsikl

Where’s the nearest petrol station?

Gdzie jest najbliższa gjye yest nay·bleesh·sha

stacja benzynowa?sta·tsya ben·zi·no·va

Please fill it up.

Proszę napełnić bak.pro·she na·peoo·neech bak

I’d like... litres.

Poproszę... litrów.po·pro·she... leet·roof

petrolbenzynaben·zi·na

unleadedbezołowiowabe·so·wo·vyo·va dieseldiesel/dee·sel olej napędowyo·ley na·pen·do·vi

Is this the road to...?

Czy ta droga prowadzi chi ta dro·ga pro·va·jee

do...?do...

Can I park here?

Czy można tu parkować?chi mozh·na too par·ko·vach

How long can I park here?

Jak długo można yak dwoo·go mozh·na

tu parkować?too par·ko·vach

I need a mechanic.

Potrzebuję mechanika.pot·she·boo·ye me·ha·nee·ka

The car has broken down.

Samochód się zepsuł.sa·mo·hoot she zep·soow

It won’t start.

Nie zapala.nye za·pa·la

I have a flat tyre.

Złapałem gumę.zwa·pa·wem goo·me (m)

Złapałam gumę.zwa·pa·wam goo·me (f)

I’ve run out of petrol.

Zabrakło mi benzyny.za·brak·wo mee ben·zi·ni

Travel with children

Where can I find a baby-sitter?

Gdzie można znaleźć opiekunkę do dziecka? gjye mozh·na zna·leshch o·pye·koon·ke do jyets·ka

Can you put an extra bed in the room?

Poproszę o dodatkowe łóżko w pokoju. po·pro·she o do·dat·ko·we woosh·ko fpo·ko·yoo

I need a car with a child seat.

Potrzebuję samochód z fotelikiem dla dziecka. pot·she·boo·ye sa·mo·hoot sfo·te·lee·kyem dla jyets·ka

Do you have a children’s menu?

Czy są jakieś dania dla dzieci? chi som ya·kyesh da·nya dla jye·chee

Could you make it a child’s portion?

Czy mogę prosić o porcję dla dziecka? chi mo·ge pro·sheech o por·tsye dla jyets·ka

Are children allowed to enter?

Czy dzieci mogą wejść? chi jye·chee mo·gom veyshch

Are there anyfacilities for children?

Czy są jakieś udogodnienia dla dzieci? chi som ya·kyesh oo·do·go·dnye·nya dla jye·chee