You will not likely get much money back unless your bike is quite new because of depreciation. You need a receipt or other way to prove you owned the bike you are claiming you had stolen. They want to know the model and year as well as purchase price.
Of course you can also claim all the other items you had stolen too, not forgetting all the fittings you added to the bike. For these it probably doesn't matter if you dont have receipts so long as you can prove what bike you had stolen.
I'm so glad my insurance was free with my credit card purchase because paying for it wouldn't have been worthwhile at all.
With regard to medical, that's a different matter. I met an aussie couple the day after the woman fell off her bike and broke her elbow after her husband told her to jump the curb. They will have hospital receipts.

