Hauptbahnhof = main railway station
Only places with more than one station have a Hauptbahnhof. Other places have just a
Bahnhof = railway station
If there is a Hauptbahnhof it's name is nearly always "XY Hauptbahnhof" or "XY Hbf". Smaller stations can but not must bear the "Bahnhof" in their name. And also if there is no Hauptbahnhof this must not mean that a place has only one railway station.
With the DB timetable you can also give addresses as destination.
e.g. for the Drei Linden
To: 90489 Nürnberg, Äußere Sulzbacher Str. 1
or in 7-bit form
To: 90489 Nuernberg, Aeussere Sulzbacher Str. 1
(ü -> ue, Ä -> Ae, ß -> ss)
Best route would be from the Hauptbahnhof 10 minutes by tram and than a 3 minutes walk. If you click on "walk" you'll get a map of the walking route. Albeit not the best of all map types.
If you give as start point the name of a city/town the timetable will choose the most important train station or bus stop. If there is a drop down list the first entry will be mostly the best bet. Best is to query from your real start point to the destination. Esp. with bigger cities there is no must that the shortest/best route is via Hauptbahnhof.
Google and the route planners I know won't find railway stations by their names in most cases. Sometimes this works for the Hauptbahnhof. But with other station names this barely works.