Hi,
First of all, you need to know more about your destinations...you're flying into the Schengen area...and if you have a Canadian passport, you can enter under the visa-waiver program to ALL the countries in the Schengen area without showing proof of income, etc.
Here's the sticky that is posted at the first page of the Western Europe forum:
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/thorntree/forums/europe-western-europe/topics/have-a-schengen-query-please-read-this-post-first?page=1
And the link in the sticky that lists the countries (a Wiki site) doesn't work, so here's the link itself:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schengen_Area
You can enter as a tourist for a total period of 90 days within 180 days without showing anything but your passport. And, once inside the Schengen area (there's a good map on the Wiki site), you might be asked to show your passport...or you might not.
What you cannot do is work. If you want to work, you'll need to get a work visa and with the rampant unemployment in Western Europe, unless you are in a specialized, much-in-demand fields, companies won't hire foreigners, or support applications for work visas.
And yes, the Czech Republic is in the Schengen area, so no problem going there.
Plus...if you haven't read it or heard it anyplace else, buy traveller's insurance. Medical care in WE is there for residents...for foreigners, you'd better have insurance or cash on hand...It's really one of the best investments in peace of mind a traveller can have.
Buy it before you book your ticket so it will be covered.
For other questions, try using the search function (top right of page, next to Help, click on almost invisible button) as most questions have been asked...and asked...and answered.
Good luck.