I see the shuttles offered through Raja only depart Donsak at restricted times with the last shuttle leaving Donsak for Surat Thani airport at 18:00 (meaning you need to take the 16:00 ferry from Samui). Does anyone know if there are independent shuttles or local buses that wait at Donsak that would be able to get me to Surat Thani or Surat Thani airport? Would hitchhiking be easy?
I have hitched it once and was NOT easy and I speak some Thai....And that was only to Surat..Remember the airport is half hour out of town....

All the ferries have selected sailings if you buy a ticket to the airport. They are timed to get you to the airport in time for flights. See what sailing Somgseem has to coincide with your connection for your flight.
And not only is the airport half an hour from Surat, its about an hour from Donsak to Surat.

Right, what I am inquiring about is the transport options outside the ferry companies. I see the 3 major ferry companies have sailings that combine ferry and shuttle services, but also have many sailings without the shuttle option. If you just sail to Don Sak on a sailing without shuttle option, are there any options in Don Sak that can get your to Surat Thani or Surat Thank airport?
There are sorngtairws from Surat Thani "to" Don Sak (then back again), but they don't necessarily go all the way to Don Sak unless someone wanted to go there when they were heading in that direction (i.e. if the last passenger from Surat Thani got off at the village 2km short of Don Sak, then the sorngtairw might just do a U-turn there and head back to Surat Thani). I guess if you walk far enough, eventually you will see one. Or maybe the staff at the teminal have a phone number for the driver(s).

At that time not much traffic on that road and Donsak is a somewhat remote area. If you already have an air ticket booked then take the 1600 ferry otherwise you may get stuck and its 60 kms from Donsak to Surathani and there is not any dependable public transport option for you at that time.

This is not relevant but has anyone noticed the beach at Donsak apart from the murky water looks picture postcard perfect ? I have noticed that none of the passengers coming and going on the jetty pay any attention to it.
I think the bigger (car ferry) Seatran ferries have buses that run after every ferry. The other year we got one of these and when we bought our ticket in Nathon the lady asked if we needed a transfer to the town and we paid for a ticket. It's a big bus that drops you right where the buses for the airport leave from in Surat Thani town.
Here is the timetable for the ferries - http://www.seatranferry.com/en/services/timetable.php
Maybe give them a call or ask in a travel shop to see if the buses still run in line with the ferries (I would assume so).