If you want to get into the jungle and treck you will have to make your own way somewhere. I would suggest Chi Phat but you would have to get there from Phnom Phen
http://www.chi-phat.org/Default.htm
Looking at the first tour you will spend 6 days on the road and if you are to see anything in the places you overnight you will have to spend 3 or 4 nights in each. This will not be possible in your timeframe assuming you will be spending a few days first at Siem Reap to explore Angkor Wat
You need to do some detailed homework on the places you stop off at and decide which appeals and what you might want to do over the two or three spare days and those where you might hop on the bus the next morning
I understand your nervousness but if you chose popular guesthouses to stay in then you should not have real problems meeting people and you are very likely to find travel companions for some of the legs of the trip. You will not of course get the side trips en-route but you might get your treck
