This scam has been going on for years, so a few years ago I sought answers from the Mexican Embassy in Belize and from a Mexican Honorary Consul in Belize (there weren't any answers on the Mexican Department of Immigration website).
Both stated that there is no exit fee when departing Mexico, but there is a fee for the FMM (increased to 294 pesos on 1/1/2012) known as DNI (Derecho de No Inmigrante) which must be paid in certain circumstances.
DNI is an entry fee that must be paid to the Mexican Government by all foreign nationals, including Belizeans who enter Mexico by air, road or sea, in the following cases:
-
Tourists staying in Mexico more than 7 (seven) consecutive days.
-
Transit travelers with destination to a third country regardless the time need for their transit. This includes those who enter Subteniente Lopez, Chetumal, by road and whose purpose is to board a flight in Cancun to travel to another country, as well as those arriving to Cancun towards Belize.
-
Holders of the border card FMVL (Forma Migratoria de Visitante Local) that remain more that 3 (three) consecutive days in Mexico. This fee is payable in addition of a sanction for violating the permitted period allowed under the FMVL status. FMVL holders are reminded that they can only stay in Quintana Roo for no more than 3 (three) consecutive days.
Visitors who are exempt from paying the fee include:
1. Visitors who enter Mexico, stay for seven days or less, and return to the country of origin.
2. FMVL border card holders who stay less than 3 days.
3. FM3 and FM2 holders.
The DNI must be paid in pesos at any bank in Mexico. It can also be paid at the Cancun airport. At the Subteniente López border (Mexico-Belize), the fee can be paid during working hours at the bank Banjercito located at the Mexican Customs compound.
One media report (quoting a press release from the Mexican Embassy in Belize) also states that since 1/1/2012, travel agencies and airlines no longer collect the fee, therefore the fee will have to be paid by all airline passengers before they depart Mexico. Previously, the fee was included in the airline ticket price, so airline passengers did not have to be concerned about paying the fee. I don't have any confirmation about this. I have heard reports of visitors still receiving the FMM while on board the plane and NOT paying any fee when departing Mexico.
The question I could not get an answer for was, "Where is the proof of payment when the FMM is received on a plane?". If arriving on a plane, the FMM is stamped with the arrival date and a small image of an airplane and I guess that it had always been assumed that the fee was collected by the airlines/travel agents. In those days, I refused to pay at the border and just got a dirty look from the scammer. Now, I would suggest travellers to get a breakdown of all fees & taxes when buying an airline ticket.
In another media report, an official from the Embassy said no money should be paid to immigration officials at the border, and to report any instances where an official asks for money.
When it comes to Mexican bureaucracy, there are the rules and then there's what really happens -- two different things. I've heard all kinds of stories -- do a search on this forum. Eighteen months ago, a friend coming to Belize from Cancun didn't know anything about the border, and simply walked past that small immigration booth without getting stamped or handing in his FMM. When he left Belize a few months later, he simply walked past immigration, went through Customs and proceeded to Cancun airport and flew out -- no problems, never questioned, no fees. Another traveller stayed and argued with the Mexican immigration scammer and the bus drove off without him.
I recall another story where a traveller had refused to pay and the immigration scammer kept the traveller's passport. He said he would report this to the immigration officials in the bigger immigration building across the road and started walking over. He was quickly called back, given his passport and allowed to proceed -- no fee.
For more information, contact the Mexican Embassy’s Consular Section at 501-223-0193 or 501-223-0194, Monday to Friday from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm or write to consular@embamex.bz.
You can also visit the Mexican Immigration website: http://www.inm.gob.mx/index.php/page/pagina_principal/en.html
Mexican Embassy’s website: www.sre.gob.mx/belice or Facebook: www.facebook.com/EmbassyofMexicoinBelize