Århus: History

Pre-20th-Century History

Århus' central seaside location has meant it has been an important trading centre and seaport since Viking times; it was originally named Aros, meaning 'at the river mouth'. Archaeological excavations indicate that Århus was founded around AD 900, when a semicircular rampart was constructed at the waterfront. The rampart, only a few city blocks in diameter, encompassed the area where the cathedral, theatre and casino now stand. Remnants of the original city can be seen in the excavated basement of the Unibank, west of Århus Domkirke.

In medieval times Århus' central location often thrust it in the thick of conflict with neighbouring states; King Sweyn II of Denmark and King Magnus of Norway engaged in a major battle off Århus in 1043. Just a few years later, in 1050, Århus was ravaged by the Norwegian warrior-king Harald Hardrada. In the decades that followed, its prosperity was kept in check by raids from other rival Vikings and attacks by fearsome Wend pirates.

Over the following centuries stability was slowly achieved, and Århus grew as a centre of trade, art and religion. Its large, protected harbour became increasingly important. Århus flourished as a transport hub for central Jutland in the 18th century, and to this day virtually all regional roads and railway lines lead to the city.

Modern History

A lengthy dispute between Århus and the national government led the city to found its own university in 1928. To begin with, all the university buildings were erected exclusively by means of donation, but by the time the new campus was ready to open its doors in 1933, the national government had come around to recognise and support the university.

Recent History

The university is now a cornerstone of the vibrant life of the city; there are around 40,000 students living in Århus (about 14% of the total population), studying at the uni and various other higher-education establishments. They ensure the city ticks all the boxes on most students' (and plenty of travellers') wish lists: live music, good bookshops, quality coffee and cheap beer!

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