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Caferiye Camii
A short hop from the Ulu Cami, you'll notice the small Ottoman Caferiye Camii, constructed in 1645.
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Çifte Minareli Medrese
East of the centre of town is the magnificent Çifte Minareli Medrese, the single most definitive image of Erzurum. It dates from the 1200s when Erzurum was a wealthy Seljuk city before it suffered attack and devastation by the Mongols in 1242. The façade is an example of the way the Seljuks liked to try out variation even while aiming for symmetry: the panels on either side of the entrance are identical in size and position but different in motif.
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Erzurum Hamamı ve Saunası
In the mood for a scrub? The men-only Erzurum Hamamı ve Saunası has a good reputation.
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Hamamı
Women looking for a relaxing Turkish experience should head to Kırk Çeşme Hamamı, behind the mosque.
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Kale
If you're running high on stamina, you can climb to the kale, perched on the hilltop to the north of the Çifte Minareli. It was erected by the Emperor Theodosius around the 5th century. Savour the views over the city and the steppe.
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Museum
Archaeology buffs will make a beeline for the Erzurum Museum, several long blocks southwest of the Yakutiye Seminary. It houses finds from nearby digs.
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Turkish-Islamic Arts & Ethnography Museum
The Turkish-Islamic Arts & Ethnography Museum is housed in the Yakutiye Medrese. Inside, the striking central dome is lined with faceted stalactite work that catches light from the central opening to make a delightful pattern. It's surrounded by leafy gardens - the perfect place for a tea break.
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Üç Kümbetler
Walk south between the Çifte Minareli and the Ulu Cami until you come to a T-junction. Turn left then immediately right and walk a short block up the hill to the Üç Kümbetler (Three Tombs) in a fenced enclosure to the right. Note the near-conical roofs and the elaborately decorated side panels.
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Ulu Cami
Unlike the elaborately decorated Çifte Minareli, the Ulu Cami (built in 1179 by the Saltuk Turkish Emir of Erzurum), is restrained but elegan. It has seven aisles running north-south, and six running east-west, resulting in a forest of columns. You enter from the north along the central aisle. Above the third east-west aisle a striking stalactite dome opens to the heavens. At the southern end of the central aisle are a curious wooden dome and a pair of bull's-eye windows.
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Yakutiye Medrese
Proceed west from Cumhuriyet Caddesi until you reach the Yakutiye Medrese, a Mongol theological seminary dating from 1310. The Mongol governors borrowed the basics of Seljuk architecture and developed their own variations, as is evident in the entrance to the medrese . Of the two original minarets, only the base of one and the lower part of the other have survived; the one sporting superb mosaic tile work wouldn't be out of place in Central Asia.
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