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Before you startBefore you post your question do a
search. Many questions have been posted before and you may find the answer available on previous posts. Questions such as "How long can I stay in the EU with my Schengen visa?" get posted a couple of times per week. And there is nobody out there on TT who knows what the weather will be like in Madrid next summer or winter... People can only give you information about how the weather was there last summer but keep in mind that this is no guarantee that it will be the same this year.
Do some basic search before you post your questionYou can also check on the
Western Europe branch where even more information is available. If you have specific regional questions may consider the following branches:
Eastern Europe,
Scandinavia and
UK and Ireland.
If you check out
LP Destinations you will find plenty of country specific information as well. You can also find lots of information on
google.com; a few keywords will suffice to get you to the right link.
Bugeurope is another excellent source for information designed for backpackers.
Tell us what you want to know...When you post your question try to be as specific as possible. Every now and then people ask "how to get there" but don´t specify where they are coming from. Unless you have this information in your profile you should mention it in your post.
And if you are about to plan a longer trip - what shoestring travellers usually tend to do - split up your question into several posts. People get confused when they have to read through a "mega post"... They have already forgotten what you asked at the beginning by the time they reach the end of your post. It is wiser to split your question into more than one thread in these cases. There are people out here on TT who regularily answer questions but not everybody is specialised in all countries you might have in mind. Also some cannot be bothered to read through long messages; it is therefore essential to be as specific in the title (country etc.).
Last but not least: Post your language related questions on
Speaking in tongues rather than on this travel related branch.
And finally: Share your information and your experiences. Once you are back from your trip join the team on the answering side and share your knowledge with other future fellow travellers.
The Schengen visaThe name "Schengen" originates from a small town in Luxembourg. In June 1985, seven European Union countries signed a treaty to end internal border checkpoints and controls. More countries have joined the treaty over the past years. At present, there are 15 Schengen countries, all in Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain and Sweden. All these countries except Norway and Iceland are European Union members. If you want to read more about Schengen
click here.
Traveling in Europe has been simplified with the introduction of the Schengen visa. As a visitor to the Schengen area, you will enjoy the many advantages of this unified visa system. With a Schengen visa, you may enter one country and travel freely throughout the Schengen zone. Internal border controls have disappeared; there are no or few stops and checks. This means that internal air, road and train travel are handled as domestic trips, similar to travel from one US state to another. Those who traveled in Europe before Schengen know the difference.
Nationals of many other countries, including Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland and the USA, do not need a visa for tourist visits of up to 90 days.
At the point of writing the Schengen visa is valid for 90 days. People often ask if that 90 day period starts again from the beginning if they leave Schengen (e.g. going to Switzerland or the UK), and then come back into Schengen. This is not the case; your visa has a validity of 90 days in total (in any 180 days), no matter if you left Schengen during that trip or spend the entire 90 days in one go in Schengen. You cannot just hop over to a non-Schengen country to "renew" your 90 days. You have to stay away for 90 days. If you want to stay longer than 90 days, please refer to the detailed Schengen visa information further down this thread.
Where do you apply for a visa? All depends on the place(s) you want to visit. If you intend to visit only one Schengen country, you must apply at the Embassy or Consulate of that particular country. You apply at the Embassy or Consulate responsible for the state where you live. If you intend to visit several Schengen countries, you must apply for a visa at the Embassy or Consulate of the country which is your main destination. If you intend to visit several Schengen countries but do not have a main destination, you should apply for a visa at the Embassy or Consulate of the country which is your first point of entry (
Schengen visa application form).
All foreigners who plan to study in Schengen longer than three months need a 'type D' Visa for language study, valid up to one year. N.B. If you are not sure about the length of your stay, it is safer to ask for a 'type D' Visa, as the 'type C' Visa is valid only for three months and not prolongable.
Getting around in EuropeAlmost all countries in Europe have a national airline but there are also a few budget airlines you may want to consider to get around in Europe:
Easy Jet,
Ryan Air,
Hapag Lloyd Express and
Transavia are just four of the ever growing market.
Check out
Opodo or
Budgettravel.com for more information.
If you prefer to get around by bus,
Eurolines has the best overall European network. While Eurolines will get you only from A to B,
Busabout is a hop-on/hop-off style travel network for backpackers; an excellent way to travel together with the like minded (comparable to Magic or Kiwi Experience in New Zealand). It all depends on your own preferences.
Click here for a comprehensive list of national bus networks.
Train fans also have the choice between point to point tickets and
Interrail, a rail pass that is comparable to Busabout.
Click here for a link to all the European rail componies; most sites are multi-lingual and you can even book online.
Apparently you should have an idea about how much and how far you will travel before you decide which alternative is better (point to point or passes).
Hitch-hiking is another way to get around but it is often not recommend. Use your common sense if you do it and have a look at some
basic rules and tips.
AccomodationBeing on the shoestring branch, only information about hostels is given on this thread (you will find plenty of information about hotels on the
Western Europe branch).
Hostels are a great place to meet other budget travellers and times are long over where hostels where considered places for young people only. Today they are open to all people, incuding the young at heart.
The
International Youth Hostel Federation/Hostelling International has the biggest network of hostels in Europe and with more than 4,200 hostels in more than 60 countries it is the biggest hostel network worldwide. The IYHF usually requires you to become a member before you stay in any of their hostels. Membership fees vary from country to country but are about 35 Euros per year in Europe (the membership will allow you to stay anywhere in the world). Some countries will also allow you to stay at their hostels up to six times (you will have to pay a bit more for each stay) but after your sixth stay you will become a member automatically. You can check availability for most hostels online and can also book them online via the link above.
Hostelweb and
hostels.com are similar networks. Again most hostels can be booked online. Also check out
eurotrip.
While you will almost always get a bed in remote places it is highly advisable to book in advance in the major cities - not only during peak seasons; some hostels get fully booked month ahead. And if you have too much information and don´t know where to stay, have a look at
Tripadvisor.
Camping is one of the cheapest ways to spend the night somewhere.
FindACamping can help you to find the right place for your tent. So can
Campwijzer and
ecamp.com.
Although this is probably not your preferred solution, an airport sometimes becomes your home for a night.
SleepingInAirports.com has useful information about these "hotels".
Country specific informationEvery country has its own tourist office:
Tourist office directory. They usually have excellent information, not only about the country but also about concerts, events etc. Some will even mail glossy brochures, maps and other information for free if you call them or email them. Make use of this information; it is an excellent and cheap way to prepare your trip.
MoneyEurope is a fairly expensive place to travel around, however it is possible to do the continent on a budget. As a thumb of a rule you should calculate a minimum of 30 Euros/day to enjoy your trip. With thes budget, you´ll be generally staying at hostels, campgrounds etc. Add another 20 Euros/day to allow yourself a decent lunch or dinner from time to time. Also consider transportation which can be a major factor in your budget.
ATMs are available everywhere in Europe. They are often the best way to get cash but be careful when you use your credit card: most credit card companies charge enormous fees; using your Cirrus or Maestro card is usually a lot cheaper.
Traveller´s cheques are not as common as in northern America; there are many shops that don´t accept them so you will have to cash them in before you go shopping etc.
If you need to know how much your money is worth, have a look at this
currency converter.
Last but not least get yourself armed with
discount cards to further ruduce costs.
And finally, as a budget traveller you want to save every cent, so spending no money at all is the best. Check out these freebies sites:
Betting Freebies and
Best Freebies.
WorkBe careful when you accept a job, even if it is only as a waitress/waiter in a pub. You are most likely not allowed to accept a job although many people do it. Here are a couple of links if you need some work:
Jobs in Europe1st contactElstead UKWeser JobsFruit Picking
WeatherPeople on TT are human beings only, and very few might have capabilities to predict the future. So when it comes to "what will be the weather like in xxx in summer" you need to rely on reports from the past.
Yahoo Europe Weather will give you an impression about the current weather situation.
CNN Weather is another source.
On these two links you will find
recent highs and
lows.
And if you want to know what the weather
really looks like check out this
Weather Web Camera.
CommunicationCompared to other continents, Europe has many small countries and almost every country has its own language. This means that when travelling for a few hundred kilometers you will not only have passed three countries but also met people who speak three different languages. This can be challenging but is part of the game - and it´s fun, too. You will get around with English in most of Europe but adding some phrases in the local language will not only be very handy but also open the hearts of the locals. Rather than starting to talk to people in English straight away, approach them and ask them if they speak English as well. Lonely Planet has a number of
phrasebooks (scroll down on that page to get an overview).
Although online translators are usually very limited when it comes to more than one word, you can try
Babelfish or
Paralink
Where is the best...Ever wondered what the best museums are, the most haunted castles, where the best beer is being served?
Here is an unofficial ranking.
Eating outIf you are on a tight budget you might want to consider buying your own food at the local supermarket to prepare your food yourself in the hostel if a kitchen is available. This will safe you a lot of money and standing in the kitchen with other fellow travellers is great fun. Well, if you a bit more money available you might want to go out lunching/dining. It doesn´t make any sense to recommend any specific restaurants at this point.
For all veggies I would like to draw your attention to this
overview of vegetarian restaurants. If you are muslim, you may find this
guide to halal eating helpful, and here is a link to
kosher eating. As you might guess, there are many more than those listed on the previous links.
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A few tips for the faithfulChristian church services are likely to be the same as back home: usually on Sunday mornings at 10 am. The same applies for services in synagoges. If you are muslim and want to stick to the exact times, this is where you will find
prayer times for muslims.
Buddhist temples in Europe might be a helpful link for travellers from Asia.
Finally: Getting started - your backpackFinally you have decided where to go, what to see, how much money to spend... so now it is time to get your backpack ready! Compared to a suitcase backpacks have many advantages and they are the only real option if you go hiking for hours.
Do not pack too much and travel light! The following is a witty and helpful post by
cmcmc on TT (it was an advise to a women backpacker but the message is clear - for both women and men): "Yes, you can have too many clothes, shoes and handbags. This will become very evident when you have to walk from the train station to your accommodation carrying your pack, then carry it up three flights of stairs, then carry it back to the train station, up some more stairs, haul it onto the train... repeat every 2 to 3 days.
Trust me, it's not fun. Some tips... at the most, you need one pair of daytime closed shoes, one pair of daytime sandals etc, and one pair of nicer shoes for going out at night (even better if you can combine the last two in one). Your daypack is your daytime bag, maybe one small bag for night. Two skirts, two pairs of pants, one or two tops for night and four or five tops for day. One jumper or jacket. They have laundries in Europe, you can wash everything (and everything you take should be able to be machine washed). Yes, you'll get sick of wearing the same clothes, but it's better than carrying your whole wardrobe, especially given you're covering a lot of ground in a month. When the monotony gets to you too much, you can always buy something new.
As for the hairdryer etc, forget it. You'll have to hunt round your room for a power socket, carry adaptors and lug them in your pack everytime. Put your hair in a ponytail, or cut it short and take a tub of wax. At that time of year in Europe, you'll be glad not to have hair all down your back, it's far too hot.
Sorry if I sound like a bit of a packing Nazi, but I've learnt my lesson. I took about this much for two months, and will take even less next time I go. Anyway, I'm sure someone else will post telling you that they did a 12 month trip with a 30-litre pack and two T-shirts."
Daylight Saving Times in the European UnionTime advances one hour in spring (from 1:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m.) and is turned back one hour (from 2:00 a.m. to 1:00 a.m.) in autumn. Note that these times are all
Greenwich Mean Time, i.e. for most of continental Europe this means that time advances from 2:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. and is turned back from 3:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m.
Summer time periods will begin and end on the following dates:
2008: Sunday, 30 March - Sunday, 26 October
2009: Sunday, 29 March - Sunday, 25 October
2010: Sunday, 28 March - Sunday, 31 October
Make sure you consider these time changes when you have a flight, train or bus leaving on the Sunday when times have been changed - most cheap tickets are non-changeable and non-refundable!
Enjoy your trip!
"If future generations are to remember us more with gratitude than sorrow, we must achieve more than just the miracles of technology. We must also leave them a glimpse of the world as it was created, not just as it looked when we got through with it." – Lyndon Baines Johnson