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visasThere are basically
four types of Russian visa. A
tourist visa which is good for a maximum of 30 days and cannot be extended or renewed without leaving the country. A
visitors visa which requires an official invitation from a Russian resident. A
business visa which is good for 30 d, 90 d, even a year, and a
transit visa which is only good for a maximum of 72 hours if you fly into Russia, but only one night is permitted in Moscow or ten days if you take the train, but again only one night in Moscow. (Actually there are 6, the other two are for students and the 72 hour short stay visa for European or Japanese citizens, although this last has been discontinued for the moment.)
The easiest visas to obtain are tourist visas and 30 or 90 day business visas that are single or double entry. Six month or one year multiple entry can be difficult to obtain and getting business-visa invitations is slower than it used to be. Invitations for multiple-entry six-month business visas now take longer and cost more. Also visas for longer than 90 days require a recent HIV test result certificate in the previous 90 days.
Note that you
can enter the country after the date on the visa and leave before the date on the visa but not the reverse.
Generally visas
cannot be obtained more than 90 and in some cases 45 days prior to the date of entry. This has nothing to do with the consulate but rather with obtaining the necessary visa support documents. Travelers in Australia and New Zealand report more success with getting visas more than 90 days in advance of entry.
To obtain a Russian tourist visa you need:
1. A
passport valid for at least 30 days after the planned date of arrival in Russia, although in some instances they require a passport valid for 6 months. In some cases you will need a photocopy of your passport, trimmed to the actual size of the passport and attached to the upper left hand corner of the application although this is much less common since the Russians now use a full page sticker visa. If three photos are required by the consulate, then the visa will be a separate a separate document. If they require one photo, then you need at least one blank page in your passport.
2. The completed
application which can be downloaded from the website of most consulates and embassies. The application is the same for all persons except those traveling with a US passport. The application for US passport holders can be downloaded from the website of the Russian embassy in Washington or from many consulates. The application for other passport holders can also be downloaded from any Russian embassy website.
Russian embassy in Washington, DC visa download page3. One or possibly three
Passport photos, one of which is attached to the application in the place indicated with one staple that does not go through the face. The other two, if required, are attached to the photocopy of your passport.
4. A standard *tourist confirmation*(also called visa support or official invitation) from the authorized hosting Russian travel agency or a hotel, registered with the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a
housing or accommodation voucher from your hotel or from the travel agency in Russia. The confirmation must contain the agency's reference number and registration number which are needed to complete the application.
a. Remember to make copies of these two documents to carry with you as you may have to present them on entry into Russia.
b. In the past faxed documents were accepted at most consulates. However, the fax cannot be on flimsy thermal paper. If that's what your fax machine uses, then photocopy the papers onto regular paper. Since the new rules have been put into place, you may need original documents at some consulates. Some people have reported success with printing from a computer a scanned invitation.
5. A
cover letter from a travel agency OR written by you, containing the following information:
* Applicant's name or alphabetical list of a group;
* Dates and points of arrival and departure in and from Russia and means of transportation;
* Itinerary in Russia (do not include places which are not mentioned on your visa support documents);
* Index and reference number of the receiving organization (also known as the travel agency or visa service).
6.
Money for fees. Costs will depend upon your passport, where you apply, the length of the processing time, the type of visa. Some embassy websites provide this information but few are complete or accurate if you are not a citizen of the country in which you are applying for the visa.
ItineraryYou do not need a day by day itinerary. You do need to indicate how, when and where you will arrive and depart in Russia. You do need to be sure that your accommodations' vouchers match the cities in intend to visit. You can change your plans once you arrive in Russia, but note that there are some places which require special permission to enter.
You can enter after the date on your visa and you can depart before the date on your visa, but not the reverse.
Notes:
-the voucher for housing may not be where you are actually staying. In fact, it is almost always a sham unless you arrange all your accommodations in advance.
- when obtaining visa support it is important to clarify if registration is included in the price and if not, how much this would cost as well as where to go to get registered. While one can register theoretically at an OVIR office, you probably don't want to spend a day finding out which one to go to, where it is located and then actually getting this done. This is especially true because dealing with Russian bureaucracy is like entering Dante's seventh level of hell: best to be avoided at all costs. The rules for registration changed recently 15 Jan 2007 and it appears that it may now be possible to register quite easily at any post office in any town.
-The rules are different for different consulates and for persons carrying passports from other countries.
-For holders of passports for most of Europe, Israel and other countries with national health insurance,
proof of health insurance is required.
-The consulate also can require to see copies of your round trip ticket or proof of sufficient funds to travel, but usually it is enough to indicate that how, when and where you intend to depart. The requirement to produce a round trip ticket and bank account information is generally for persons holding third world passports.
-Although uncommon, the consulate can also ask for an interview and for proof that you have sufficient funds to travel for the time period you are requesting.
Instead of posting information about various Russian consulates here, it is posted on my website which I can update more easily than these pages. Please check here:
everbrite's travel pages Obtaining visa supportVisa support can be obtained from many travel agencies as well as the hostels and some hotels in Russia. You may want to decide which city you intend to visit first for more than 72 hours and obtain your visa support from someplace in that city so that you can register there. If you are traveling on the train from the East and first stop of any length is Vladivostok, Ulan Ude or Irkutsk, then think about getting your visa support from the place you intend to stay in Moscow. See below for more information about registration.
Visa support for tourist visas is a document that you will pay about 35-50$ USD to obtain. It may or may not include a fee for registering your visa, probably not. It is important to ask this upfront. In addition to this, there is a fee for the visa itself. Remember you will need to pay an additional fee, if the original documents are sent via courier. Some consulate such as Ulan Bator, Mongolia REQUIRE original documents.
For business visas the cost will vary depending upon the length of the business visa. Business visas can be 30 d or 90 d single or double entry, 6 or 12 month multiple entry. The latter are harder to obtain and more costly for visa support documents as well as the visa itself.
Theoretically, you need not book your entire trip, but you should know that legally with a tourist visa you are required to book your entire trip in advance. Most of the hostels will provide you with a hotel voucher or vouchers that makes it "appear" that you have booked your whole trip. While I understand that many people would like to travel "as independently as they can," do NOT plan to arrive in Moscow or Petersburg without prearranged housing. Both of these cities have a shortage of inexpensive housing and in both of these cities it is absolutely necessary to register your visa if you stay 72 hours or more.
The hostels all offer visa support:
hostels.comhosteleurope.comhosteling-russia.ruHosteling International or HIThere are also travel agencies and visa support companies which can provide these services. Contact me if you want a more comprehensive list of these. But to name a few:
Nevsky88 A Russian company that advertises they provide the cheapest business visa support on the internet.
Sokoltours.com A Russian tour company whose site has lots of good information.
StudyRussian A company that specializes in studying Russian at MGU and travel on the transiberian route.
Svezhy Veter Another Russian tour company, although not specializing in travel on the transiberian, this site has lots of useful information about travel in Russia. Their ticket prices and other fees are considered among the best on the internet.
VisaToRussia.com and
GoToRussia.net use the same agency:
IntelService Center. IntelService also operates allrussiatours.com as well. Theoretically and reportedly, the service is the same for all of these companies.
Also there is
WayToRussia.net which is a travel information service. They do not personally provide visa support but do so through another company. They try hard to provide the most accurate and up to date information on their website and to monitor the services and quality of their providers. Currently (summer 2006) they appear to be using
RealRussia.
Traveldocs.com is another visa service that comes highly recommended by fellow travelers. They are located in the US and Moscow, but will fax your documents anywhere.
First check: Everbrite's travel pages, the New RU sticky,and New RU train sticky
Since I have taken the time to answer your question, it would be nice if you took the time to respond as to whether the information was helpful.