Following the key Housing Act of 1901, which forced the city to rethink neighbourhood planning and to condemn slums, the Dageraad housing estate was developed between 1918 and 1923 for poorer families. One of the most original Amsterdam School architects, Piet Kramer, drew up plans for this idiosyncratic complex in collaboration with Michel de Klerk. The swirling contours of the main tower have been compared to a butter churn.